Answer:
Pure Substance. A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties. Element. A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means.
Explanation:
Sorry if it's wrong!!!!!!!
Answer:
Elements
Explanation:
Elements cannot be broken down into anything simpler physically or chemically. Compounds: are pure substances that are made up of more than l type of atom and can be broken down or decomposed into its individual elements by chemical methods, but cannot be separated by physical methods.
a. Identify the structures shown in the diagram. b. Identify the information that is contained within these structures. c. Describe how the structures from this cell would compare to the structures in the nucleus of another body cell from the same person. d. Explain why the structures are in pairs.
The answer responses to the structures shown in the diagram are:
A. chromosomes
C. They would be the same.
B. They are in pairs because each one comes from a different parent.
What is the structure about?The chromosomes are in pairs because humans have a diploid number of chromosomes, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent.
The nucleus is important in eukaryotic cells and has many important parts that help the cell work properly. There are some parts inside cells called the nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, and chromatin. Chromatin is made up of DNA and other proteins.
Every part of a person's body has the same genes, but the way they are organized can be different in different types of cells. The chromosomes in our skin cells might not be the same as the chromosomes in our muscle cells, even if they come from the same person.
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Identify the structures shown.
A. chromosomes
B. mitochondria
C. nuclei
D. vacuoles
C
Describe how the structures from this cell would compare to the structures in the nucleus of another body cell from the same person.
A. There would be longer.
B. They would be shorter.
C. They would be the same.
D. They would be different.
Describe how the structures from this cell would compare to the structures in the nucleus of another body cell from the same person.
A. There would be longer.
B. They would be shorter.
C. They would be the same.
D. They would be different.
Explain why the structures are in pairs.
A. They aren't in pairs.
B. They are in pairs because each one comes from a different parent.
C. This cell is making a copy of itself.
D. The cell always has 2 copies in case 1 is damaged.
Question 1 Give the correct number of significant figures for 4500, 4500., 0.0032, 0.04050
Question 2 Give the answer to the correct number of significant figures:
4503 + 34.90 + 550 = ?
the correct number of significant figures.
uction 2 Give
Answer:
Question 2
5087.9 or 5088
Gaseous acetylene (C2H2) reacts with oxygen gas to form gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water.
Gaseous acetylene reacts with oxygen gas to form gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water. The chemical equation of the reaction is \(2C_2H_2 (g) + 5O_2 (g)-- > 4CO_2 (g) + 2H_2O (g)\)
Chemical equationsThe chemical equation of a reaction is an expression that shows how the reactants combine to form the products using the chemical symbols for the components.
The reaction of gaseous acetylene with oxygen gas to form gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water can be analyzed and written as follows:
The chemical formula for gaseous acetylene = \(C_2H_2 (g)\)
The chemical formula for oxygen gas = \(O_2 (g)\)
The chemical formula for gaseous carbon dioxide = \(CO_2 (g)\)
The chemical formula for gaseous water = \(H_2O (g)\)
The overall equation for the chemical reaction with all the phases identified is then written as:
\(2C_2H_2 (g) + 5O_2 (g)-- > 4CO_2 (g) + 2H_2O (g)\)
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Gaseous acetylene (C2H2) reacts with oxygen gas to form gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water.
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.
1. Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions. Be sure to include the state of matter for each reactant and product.
b) Solid calcium cyanide and liquid water react to generate calcium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide, both in solution.
The balanced equation for the reaction between solid calcium cyanide and liquid water to generate calcium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide would be \(Ca(CN)_2 (s) + 2H_2O(l)-- > Ca(OH)_2 (aq) + 2HCN (aq)\)
Balancing chemical equationsThe reaction between solid calcium cyanide and liquid water to generate calcium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide would be written as follows:
The chemical formula of solid calcium cyanide = \(Ca (CN)_2 (s)\)
The chemical formula of liquid water = \(H_2O (l)\)
The chemical formula of calcium hydroxide in solution = \(Ca(OH)_2 (aq)\)
The chemical formula of hydrogen cyanide in solution = \(HCN (aq)\)
Bringing all the species together, the equation for the reaction would be:
\(Ca(CN)_2 (s) + H_2O(l)-- > Ca(OH)_2 (aq) + HCN (aq)\)But the above equation is not balanced. The number of hydrogen and cyanide atoms is not balanced. Balanced chemical equations always have an equal number of every atom in the reactants and in the products.
Thus, the balanced equation of the reaction would be;
\(Ca(CN)_2 (s) + 2H_2O(l)-- > Ca(OH)_2 (aq) + 2HCN (aq)\)
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A sample of compound A (a clear, colorless gas) is analyzed and found to contain 4.27g carbon and 5.69g oxygen. A sample of compound B (also a clear, colorless gas) is analyzed and found to contain 5.19g carbon and 13.84g oxygen. Are these data an example of the law of definite proportions, the law of multiple proportions, or neither? What do these data tell you about substances A and B?
Answer:
law of multiple proportions
Explanation:
The law of multiple proportions states that, if two elements A and B, combine to form more than one chemical compound. Then the various masses of one element A, which combine separately with a fixed mass of element B are in simple multiple ratio.
We can see that the ratio of oxygen that combines with carbon in the two compounds( A and B) is 1:2. This demonstrates the law of multiple proportions.
The substances A and B must be CO and CO2 respectively.
draw the arrow pushing reaction mechanism for the aldol condensation of vanillin and acetone during the first step
Aldol condensation is a reaction that results in the formation of a carbon-carbon bond, an enol or enolate molecule, and an aldehyde or ketone.
Removing the alpha hydrogen, establishing fresh carbon and carbonyl bonds, and changing carbonyl groups into COH.
These reactions include an enol or enolate ion reacting with a carbonyl molecule to produce a -hydroxy aldehyde or -hydroxy ketone, which is then dehydrated to produce a conjugated enone. Let's talk more about cross aldol condensation, the aldol condensation process, and its mechanism.
Thus, the acetaldehyde enolate's nucleophilic addition to benzaldehyde produces the aldol product: We will discuss all the additional potential outcomes and specifics of the crossover aldol reaction.
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Carbon dioxide is produced by the burning of fossil fuels which then leads to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This gas captures heat (greenhouse gas), so the temperature rises on earth (global warming). If there are 3.2 kg of fuel in a gallon of octane (C8H18) and idling for 15 minutes twice a day Monday- Friday burns half a gallon of gas a day, how many grams of fuel do you use in a week. Then convert the grams to carbon dioxide to determine the amount of carbon dioxide produced by all this idling.
The amount of carbon dioxide produced by all the idling described in the problem would be 89.6 kg per week.
What is Global Warming?
Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature, primarily caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), deforestation, and industrial processes that release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Using the atomic masses from the periodic table, we get:
Molar mass of octane = (8 x 12.01 g/mol) + (18 x 1.01 g/mol) = 114.22 g/mol
Since the molecular formula of octane (C8H18) contains 8 carbon atoms, it produces 8 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) per molecule of octane during combustion.
So, the amount of carbon dioxide produced by burning 11,200 grams of octane would be:
11,200 g * (8 x 1 mol CO2 / 1 mol octane) = 89,600 g or 89.6 kg of carbon dioxide produced in a week.
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Blood plasma contains a total carbonate pool (essentially HCO3- and CO2(d)) of 2.48X10-2M. What would be the ph if 18mM H+ is added under conditions where the increased [CO2(d)] can not be released (i.e. an close system)? Assume the normal pH (i.e., before addition of H+) is 7.4. Recall that the pKnet for the net reaction in which water plus dissolved carbon dioxide form hydrogen ions plus bicarbonate ions is 6.1.
7.19 is pKnet for the net reaction in which water plus dissolved carbon dioxide form hydrogen ions plus bicarbonate ions
Elaborating:The balanced reaction would be: H+ + HCO₃- ⇌ H₂CO₃
The equilibrium constant for the reaction is:
Keq = [H₂CO₃]/[H+][HCO₃-] = 10^(pKnet) = 7.94 × 10⁻⁷
Using the equilibrium constant, we can set up an expression for x:
Keq = [H₂CO₃]/[H+][HCO₃-] = x/[(2.48 × 10⁻² - x)(1.8 × 10⁻²)]
x = 6.43 × 10 ⁻⁸ M
Therefore, the final concentration of H+ is 6.43 × 10⁻⁸ M, and the pH is:
pH = -log[H+] = -log(6.43 × 10⁻⁸) = 7.19
So the pH decreases from the average value of 7.4 to 7.19
What is a compound's pH?The acidity or basicity of a solution is measured by its pH. It is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution as a negative logarithm (base 10) The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 0 representing the most acidic condition, 7 representing neutral conditions, and 14 representing the most basic.
What does "carbonate pool" refer to?The total amount of dissolved inorganic carbon in a solution, including bicarbonate ions and carbon dioxide , is referred to as the carbonate pool. Blood plasma contains the carbonate pool, which serves as a buffer and contributes to pH stability in biological systems.
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what is the overall charge of an atom with 17 protons 17 neutrons and 20 electrons
Answer:
Overall charge = -3
Explanation:
The atom of every chemical element is its smallest indivisible part. However, this atom further consists of subatomic particles namely: proton, electron, and neutron. The proton and electron are the positively charged and negatively charged particle respectively.
In a neutral atom, the amount of proton and electrons in that atom equates. However, the amount of electron and proton present in an atom determines the charge of that atom. For example, in this question, an atom is said to contain 17 protons, 17 neutrons and 20 electrons.
Since the negatively charged electrons (20) are more than the positively charged protons (17) by 3, hence, the net charge is -3.
how many molecules of sugar are in 4.67 miles of sugar?
Question 6
2 pts
The illustration shows all the forces in Newtons (N) acting on a box. The sum of all the
forces acting on the box results in a force acting on the box
5N
5N
O NF= 10 N balanced
O NF= 5N to the right
O NF= 0 Balanced
NF= 5N to the left
Answer:
Im pretty sure that 5N to the Right is correct answer
A system of units is a collection of compatible, related units that can be used to measure quantities. TRUE OR FALSE??
Answer:
it's TRUE because they need
What would the final salt concentration be if instead of placing the dialysis bag in 4.0 L of distilled water for 12 h, you placed the bag in 1.0 L of distilled water for 6.0 h and then in another 1.0 L of fresh distilled water for another 6.0 h
Answer:chicken
Explanation:There are many types of chicken
The specific gravity of crude oil is 0.876. If 1.00 liter of water weighs 1.00 kilograms, what is the weight of a liter of crude oil ( show work)
0.876 kg or 1.14kg
I need to know this too. Hopefully someone answers quick lol
The specific gravity of crude oil is 0.876 as 1.00 liter of water weighs 1.00 kilograms. Then weight of crude oil is 0.876 kg.
What is specific gravity?A specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity and it is defined as the ratio of density of substance to the density of water.
It is used to determine where the object will float on the surface of liquid approximately.
As, density = mass / volume
Volume of water is 1 ml given.
So, density of substance = mass of substance
Specific gravity = density of substance / density of water
So, Specific gravity = mass of substance / density of water
Mass of substance = specific gravity x density of water
= 0.876 x 1.00 kg = 0.876 kg
Thus, the specific gravity of crude oil is 0.876 as 1.00 liter of water weighs 1.00 kilograms. Then weight of crude oil is 0.876 kg.
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The irreversible isomerization A
B was carried out in a batch reactor and the following concentration time data were obtained:
Time vs Concentration data in a Batch reactor
t 0 3 5 8 10 12 15 7.5
mol/h 4 2.89 2.25 1.45 1.0 0.65 0.25 0.07
Determine the reaction order,
, and the specific reaction a rate constant, k, using any method of your choice.
The reaction order and specific reaction rate constant can be determined by performing the kinetics experiment on irreversible polymerization A. Kinetic experiments can be used to investigate the rate and mechanism of chemical reactions. Chemical kinetics is the study of chemical reactions' speed and pathway.
The term "kinetics" refers to the study of reaction rates, which are determined by measuring the concentration of reactants and products as a function of time.Kinetics experiments can be used to determine the reaction rate and order of reaction. A chemical reaction's rate is defined as the change in the concentration of a reactant or product per unit time. The order of a reaction refers to the number of molecules that must react to produce a product. The order of reaction can be determined by measuring the initial rate of the reaction as a function of concentration.Methods for determining the reaction rate order include the initial rate method, the half-life method, and the integrated rate method. The initial rate method determines the reaction order by measuring the initial rate of the reaction at different reactant concentrations. The half-life method determines the reaction order by measuring the time it takes for the reactant concentration to decrease by half.The integrated rate method determines the reaction order by measuring the concentration of the reactant or product at different times.The specific rate constant can be determined by using the Arrhenius equation, which relates the rate constant to the activation energy, temperature, and frequency factor. The frequency factor can be determined by measuring the rate constant at different temperatures.For such more question on polymerization
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A piece of an unknown metal with mass 23.8g is heated to 100.0 degrees Celsius and dropped into 50.0
cm³ of water at 24.0 degrees Celsius. The final temperature of the system is 32.5 degrees Celsius. What is the specific heat of the metal?
The specific heat of the metal is 1.1106 J/g°C
Specific heat is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one celsius degree
Here given data is
Mass of unknown metal = 23.8g
Temprature = 100°C
Mass of water = 50.0cm³ = 50 g
Temprature of water = 24.0°C
Final temprature of the system = 32.5°C
We have to find specific heat = ?
So first we determine the heat gain by water
Specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g°C
Q = mcΔT
Q = 50 g×8.5°C×4.18 J/g°C
Q = 1776.5 Joules
Then we determine the total heat lost by the unknown metal
Taking the specific heat f the metal to be x
Heat = 23.8g×67.5°C×x
1776.5 Joules = 23.8g×67.5°C×x
1776.5 Joules = 1606.5 J
x = 1606.5 J/1776.5 Joule
x = 1.1106 J/g°C
Specific heat of the metal is 1.1106 J/g°C
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Calculate ΔHrxn for the following reaction: Al2O3(s)+3CO(g)→2Al(s)+3CO2(g) Use the following reactions and given ΔH values: 2Al(s)+32O2(g)→Al2O3(s),ΔH CO(g)+12O2(g)→CO2(g),ΔH==−1675.7kJ−282.7kJ
The desired reaction is 2Al(s) + 3CO2 from Al2O3(s) + 3CO(g) (g) The reactions include 2 Al(s), 3/2 O2(g), and Al2O3(s), with H = 1675.7kJ. ————————— (1) CO(g) = CO2 + 1/2 O2(g) (g).
How is H inside a calculated?As a result, the enthalpies of a reactants and products are added together, and the result is used to compute the enthalpy of a reaction. This endothermic process generates and absorbs environmental heat if H is positive. This reaction is exothermic so emits heat into the environment if H is negative.
What is the H heat?A negative H indicates that heat is transferred from the a system towards its surroundings, whereas a positive H indicates that heat is transferred from the surroundings into the system. An enthalpy of reaction (Hrxn) for a chemical reaction is the difference of enthalpy between the products and reactants; Hrxn is measured in kilojoules per mole.
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What is the oxidation state of N in NaNOz?
The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NaNO3 is +5. option B
To determine the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in sodium nitrate (NaNO3), we need to assign oxidation numbers to each element in the compound.
In NaNO3, we know that the sodium ion (Na+) has a +1 oxidation state because it is an alkali metal. Oxygen (O) typically has an oxidation state of -2 in compounds, and there are three oxygen atoms in NaNO3. Since the compound is neutral, the sum of the oxidation states must be zero.
Let's assume that the oxidation state of nitrogen is x. Therefore, we can set up the equation:
(+1) + x + (-2) * 3 = 0
Simplifying the equation:
+1 + x - 6 = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = +5
Therefore, the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NaNO3 is +5.
The oxidation state of an element indicates the number of electrons it has gained or lost in a compound. In this case, the nitrogen atom in NaNO3 has gained five electrons to achieve a stable oxidation state of +5.
It is important to note that oxidation states are formal charges and do not necessarily represent the actual distribution of electrons in a compound. They are assigned based on a set of rules and can be useful in understanding the reactivity and behavior of elements in chemical reactions.
Option B
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which gas is fossil fuel
Answer:
methane
Explanation: methane is obtained from the decaying of flora and fauna mostlyunder damp
for the balance equation shown below what would be the limiting reagent A 42. 3 g of N2O5 were reacted with 9.18 g of H2O?N2O5 + H2O — > 2HNO3
Explanation:
42.3 g of N2O5 were reacted with 9.18 g of H2O according to the following equation.
N₂O₅ + H₂O ----> 2 HNO₃
To determine which is the limiting reagent we will calculate the number of moles of HNO₃ that would be produced by each reactant. The one that produces less product is the one that is limiting the reagent.
N₂O₅:
First we can convert the 42.3 g of it into moles using its molar mass.
molar mass of N₂O₅ = 108.01 g/mol
moles of N₂O₅ = 42.3 g * 1 mol/(108.01 g)
moles of N₂O₅ = 0.392 moles
N₂O₅ + H₂O ----> 2 HNO₃
According to the reaction 1 mol of N₂O₅ will produce 2 moles of HNO₃. Then the molar ratio between them is 1 to 2. We can use this relationship to find the number of moles of HNO₃ that would be produced by 0.392 moles of N₂O₅.
1 mol of N₂O₅ : 2 moles of HNO₃ molar ratio
moles of HNO₃ = 0.392 moles of N₂O₅ * 2 moles of HNO₃/(1 mol of N₂O₅)
moles of HNO₃ = 0.784 moles
H₂O:
molar mass of H₂O = 18.02 g/mol
moles of H₂O = 9.18 g * 1 mol/(18.02 g)
moles of H₂O = 0.509 moles
1 mol of H₂O : 2 moles of HNO₃ molar ratio
moles of HNO₃ = 0.509 moles of H₂O * 2 moles of HNO₃/(1 mol of H₂O)
moles of HNO₃ = 1.018 moles
Conclusion:
When 42.3 g of N₂O₅ reacts with enough H₂O, 0.784 moles of HNO₃ are produced. When 9.18 g of H₂O reacts with enough N₂O₅, 1.018 moles of HNO₃ are produced. N₂O₅ is limiting our reaction and is the limiting reagent.
Answer: N₂O₅ is the limiting reagent.
Which of the following is an example of an environmental impact of
agriculture?
O high use of gold, copper, and silver
O high use of rock supplies
O high use of mineral resources
O high use of water
Ne
Answer:
B
self explanatory
Explanation:
Determine the osmotic pressure (atm) of an aqueous sugar solution with a
concentration of 2.5 M at 25 °C?
Answer:
61 atm
Explanation:
You can calculate osmotic pressure using the following equation:
π = i MRT
In this equation,
-----> π = osmotic pressure (atm)
-----> i = van't Hoff's factor
-----> M = molarity (M)
-----> R = Ideal Gas Constant (0.08206 atm*L/mol*K)
-----> T = temperature (K)
The van't Hoff's factor is the amount of ions the substance dissociates into. Since sugar does not dissociate, this value is 1. After converting Celsius to Kelvin, you can plug the values into the equation and simplify.
i = 1 R = 0.08206 atm*L/mol*K
M = 2.5 M T = 25 °C + 273.15 = 298.15 K
π = i MRT
π = (1)(2.5 M)(0.08206 atm*L/mol*K)(298.15 K)
π = 61 atm
_ZnS +2HCl → ___ZnCl₂ + ___H₂S|
The missing coefficients in the above balanced chemical equation are as follows: 1, 1, 1.
How to balance a chemical equation?A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where reactants are represented on the left, and products on the right.
A chemical equation is said to be balanced when the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation are the same.
According to this question, zinc sulphide reacts with hydrogen chloride to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen sulphide as follows:
_ZnS +2HCl → ___ZnCl₂ + ___H₂S
The balanced equation is as follows:
ZnS +2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂S
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A box measures 8.54 ft in length, 0.0455 yd in width and 9.18 inches in height. What is its volume in cubic centimeters (cm3)?
1 yard = 3 ft 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 ft = 12 in
HINT: Break each given number down SEPARATELY. So 3 different dimensional analysis converting each number to centimeters. THEN take those 3 converted numbers for length, width and height and plug them into the volume equation. Volume = length x width x height. If you think about the units of centimeters being multiplied by each other (cm x cm x cm) in the volume equation, they all combine to form cubic centimeters (cm3).
The volume in cubic centimeters is 25251.17cm³
Volume measures capacity. So the unit of volume is basically a unit for measuring the capacity or the extent of an object or space. The unit is mostly used to specify the volume of goods or a liquid (fluids).
In this problem, volume of the box is given by the formula:
V = l x w x h
Solving the problem
First, let us convert every dimension to centimeter.
l = 8.54 ft x 12 inches x 2.54 cm = 260.29 cm
w = 0.0455 yd x 3ft x 12 inch x 2.54 cm = 4.16052cm
h = 9.18 in x 2.54 cm = 23.3172 cm
Now, we can solve for the volume of the box using the given formula above.
V = l x w x h
Then substitute the given data
V = (260.29 cm) x (4.16052 cm) x (23.3172 cm)
V = 25251.17cm³
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 Please help me with this Chemistry problem! I’ve been trying to figure it out for hours and it’s driving me mad. I’ll be very grateful :) I made it worth 100 points!
Explanation:
Hope this somewhat helped:
a. The equation for the reaction of weak acid, C6H5CO2H, with water is: C6H5CO2H + H2O <=> C6H5CO2^- + H3O^+. We can assume that all the C6H5CO2H has reacted with water to form C6H5CO2^- and H3O^+.
The pH is defined as -log(H30^+ concentration), where H30^+ is the hydronium ion, a measure of the acidic strength of the solution. At the equivalence point, all the C6H5CO2H has reacted with the NaOH to form C6H5CO2^- and Na^+. The stoichiometry of the reaction can be determined by balanced the reaction using the information given.
C6H5CO2H + NaOH <=> C6H5CO2^- + Na^+
This reaction tells us that one mole of C6H5CO2H will react with one mole of NaOH to form one mole of C6H5CO2^- and one mole of Na^+.
whats pairs of coumpounds produce calcium solphate
Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is a chemical compound made from calcium, oxygen, and sulfur.
Which pairs of compounds produce calcium sulfate?The major sources of calcium sulfate naturally happen are gypsum and anhydrite, which occur at many position worldwide as evaporites.
A simple procedure for preparing acicular calcium sulfate dihydrate is on condition that in which a slurry of calcium carbonate carrying 100 to 800 grams per lite of calcium carbonate is assorted with a solution of sulphuric acid carrying 80 to 500 grams per liter sulphuric acid in proportions that construct calcium sulfate.
So we can conclude that Calcium sulfate, CaSO4, is a natural happen calcium salt.
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Which type of solution is one with a pH of 8?acidicneutralbasic
Explanation:
The following image describes the pH scale:
Between 0 and 7 we have an acidic solution, 7 is a neutral solution, and a solution with pH between 7 and 14 is a basic solution.
Answer: basic
How many moles of aluminum ions al3+ are present in 0.42 mol of al2so43
There are 0.84 moles of aluminum ions (Al3+) present in 0.42 mol of Al2(SO4)3.
To determine the number of moles of aluminum ions (Al3+) present in 0.42 mol of Al2(SO4)3, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the compound.
The formula of aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) indicates that for every 1 mole of the compound, there are 2 moles of aluminum ions (Al3+). This means that the mole ratio of Al3+ to Al2(SO4)3 is 2:1.
Given that we have 0.42 mol of Al2(SO4)3, we can calculate the moles of Al3+ as follows:
Moles of Al3+ = 0.42 mol Al2(SO4)3 x (2 mol Al3+ / 1 mol Al2(SO4)3)
Moles of Al3+ = 0.42 mol Al2(SO4)3 x 2
Moles of Al3+ = 0.84 mol Al3+
Therefore, there are 0.84 moles of aluminum ions (Al3+) present in 0.42 mol of Al2(SO4)3.
It's important to note that the stoichiometry of the compound determines the mole ratio between the different species involved in the chemical formula. In this case, the 2:1 ratio of Al3+ to Al2(SO4)3 allows us to determine the number of moles of Al3+ based on the given amount of Al2(SO4)3.
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A tank contains 15 kg of dry air and 0.17 kg of water vapor at 30°C and 100 kPa total pressure. Determine
(a) the specific humidity, (b) the relative humidity, and (c) the volume of the tank.
The volume of the tank is approximately 130.75 m³.
To solve this problem, we need to use the concept of air and water vapor mixture. The given data includes the mass of dry air and water vapor, temperature, and total pressure. We can calculate the specific humidity, relative humidity, and volume of the tank using the following steps:
(a) Specific humidity:
The specific humidity (ω) is defined as the ratio of the mass of water vapor (m_w) to the total mass of the air-water vapor mixture (m_t):
ω = m_w / m_t
Given that the mass of water vapor is 0.17 kg and the total mass of the mixture is 15 kg + 0.17 kg = 15.17 kg, we can calculate the specific humidity:
ω = 0.17 kg / 15.17 kg ≈ 0.0112
So, the specific humidity is approximately 0.0112.
(b) Relative humidity:
Relative humidity (RH) is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor (P_w) to the saturation vapor pressure of water (P_ws) at the given temperature, multiplied by 100:
RH = (P_w / P_ws) * 100
To find the relative humidity, we need to determine the saturation vapor pressure at 30°C. Using a vapor pressure table or equation, we can find that the saturation vapor pressure at 30°C is approximately 4.246 kPa.
Given that the total pressure is 100 kPa, the partial pressure of water vapor is 0.17 kg / 15.17 kg * 100 kPa = 1.119 kPa.
Now we can calculate the relative humidity:
RH = (1.119 kPa / 4.246 kPa) * 100 ≈ 26.34%
So, the relative humidity is approximately 26.34%.
(c) Volume of the tank:
To find the volume of the tank, we can use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Where P is the total pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of dry air and water vapor in the tank. The number of moles (n) can be obtained using the equation:
n = m / M
Where m is the mass and M is the molar mass.
The molar mass of dry air is approximately 28.97 g/mol, and the molar mass of water vapor is approximately 18.015 g/mol.
For dry air:
n_air = 15 kg / 0.02897 kg/mol ≈ 517.82 mol
For water vapor:
n_water = 0.17 kg / 0.018015 kg/mol ≈ 9.43 mol
Now we can calculate the volume using the ideal gas law:
V = (n_air + n_water) * R * T / P
Given that R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K)), T is the temperature in Kelvin (30°C + 273.15 = 303.15 K), and P is the total pressure (100 kPa), we can calculate the volume:
V = (517.82 mol + 9.43 Mol) * 8.314 J/(mol·K) * 303.15 K / (100,000 Pa) ≈ 130.75 m³
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24. To calculate the molarity of a solution, we must first find out how many moles of \(BaI_2\) are in the solution.
Molar mass of BaI2 = (1 x atomic mass of Ba) + (2 x atomic mass of I)
= (1 x 137.33 g/mol) + (2 x 126.90 g/mol)
= 137.33 g/mol + 253.80 g/mol
= 391.13 g/mol
Number of moles of BaI2 = mass of BaI2 / molar mass of BaI2
= 413 g / 391.13 g/mol
= 1.056 mol
the molarity of the solution using the formula:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution (in liters)
Volume of solution = 750 ml = 750 ml / 1000 ml/L = 0.750 L
Molarity = 1.056 mol / 0.750 L
= 1.408 M
Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 1.408 M.
25. a. \(P_20_7\) - Ionic compound (Phosphorus(V) oxide)
b. \(SnBr_2\) - Ionic compound (Tin(II) bromide)
c. \(Fe(OH)_2\)- Ionic compound (Iron(II) hydroxide)
d. \(Cl_30_8\) - Not a valid chemical formula
26.
A. (NH4)2CO3 is soluble in water (NH4) in an ionic substance called 2CO3 containing the ions carbonate and ammonium.
B. Fe(OH)2 is insoluble in water. Iron(II) hydroxide is only sparingly soluble.
C. CaOH is not soluble in water. Only very little calcium hydroxide is soluble.
D. PbCl2 is insoluble in water. The chloride of lead(II) is sparingly soluble.
27. FeS + 2KCl = FeCl2 + K2S
FeS is an insoluble precipitate.
2KCl dissolves in aqueous solution.
ZnCl2 + SrSO4 = ZnSO4 + SrCl2
SrSO4 is an insoluble precipitate.
ZnCl2 dissolves in aqueous solution.
28. In salt water, the solute is the salt (sodium chloride, or NaCl), and the solvent is water. The element which dissolves in the solvent to form a solution is called solute.
29. Charles's law states that, if the pressure and volume of a gas remain constant, the volume of a gas falls as the temperature increases. As a result, the capacity of the balloon will decrease as it ascends to altitudes where the temperature is -15 °C.
30. The average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance increases with increase in its temperature. This is because temperature is a gauge for the specific kinetic energy of the constituent particles of a substance. On the other hand, the average kinetic energy falls as the temperature increases.
31. When the volume of a gas decreases, its pressure increases. Boyle's law, which states that at a given temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, describes this relationship. On the other hand, pressure falls when volume increases.
32. The pressure of a gas increases along with its temperature. Gay–Lussac's law, which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, given the volume and volume of the gas is constant, describes this relationship.
33. The volume of a syringe is reduced as a marshmallow is pressed and the plunger is depressed. As a result the pressure inside the syringe increases. This is because Boyle's law states that the volume and pressure of a gas are inversely proportional. The decrease in volume causes the air inside the syringe to contract, exerting more pressure on the marshmallow, which is then crushed.
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