classifying end users as internal versus external is a classification by ____.

Answer:

Can you show the questions?

Explanation:

The closed-form expression for \( \tau_{k}^{i} \) in the EM algorithm for GMM is derived using Bayes rule, representing the probability that observation \( x_{i} \) belongs to the kth component. By dividing the likelihood and prior by the sum of all such terms, we arrive at the desired expression.

In EM algorithm for GMM, Bayes rule can be used to derive the closed-form expression for \( \tau_{k}^{i} \).

The expression is as follows:$$\tau_{k}^{i} = \frac{p_{k}(x_{i}|\theta_{k})\pi_{k}}{\sum_{j=1}^{K}p_{j}(x_{i}|\theta_{j})\pi_{j}}$$where, \(x_{i}\) is the ith observation, \(\theta_{k}\) represents the parameters of the kth component, \(p_{k}(x_{i}|\theta_{k})\) represents the probability of \(x_{i}\) belonging to the kth component, and \(\pi_{k}\) is the mixing proportion of the kth component.

To derive this expression using Bayes rule, we can use the following steps:1. Using Bayes rule, we can write the posterior probability of the kth component as:$$p_{k}(\theta_{k}|x_{i}) = \frac{p_{k}(x_{i}|\theta_{k})\pi_{k}}{\sum_{j=1}^{K}p_{j}(x_{i}|\theta_{j})\pi_{j}}$$2.

Since we are interested in the probability that the ith observation belongs to the kth component, we can simplify the above expression as:$$p_{k}(x_{i}|\theta_{k})\pi_{k} = \tau_{k}^{i}p_{k}(\theta_{k}|x_{i})\sum_{j=1}^{K}\tau_{j}^{i}p_{j}(x_{i}|\theta_{j})$$3. Dividing both sides of the above equation by \(p_{i}(x_{i})\), we get:$$\tau_{k}^{i} = \frac{p_{k}(x_{i}|\theta_{k})\pi_{k}}{\sum_{j=1}^{K}p_{j}(x_{i}|\theta_{j})\pi_{j}}$$This is the closed-form expression for \( \tau_{k}^{i} \) that we were looking for.

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1. Summarize the malwares Morris, Stuxnet, CryptoLocker, and ILOVEYOU.

2. Explain the effect of the SQL command 'UNION SELECT cardNo from CreditCards where acctNo = 10032 - -'.

Morris: Morris is a self-replicating malware that gained notoriety in 1988 as one of the first worms to spread across the internet. It exploited vulnerabilities in Unix systems, using a combination of remote login, weak passwords, and a network-based worm to infect machines. The worm caused significant disruptions by overloading networks and compromising thousands of computers.

Stuxnet: Stuxnet is a highly sophisticated malware discovered in 2010 that specifically targeted industrial control systems, particularly those used in Iran's nuclear program. It exploited multiple zero-day vulnerabilities to spread and infected computers through USB drives. Stuxnet was designed to sabotage specific industrial processes by modifying the code in programmable logic controllers, causing physical damage to centrifuges.

CryptoLocker: CryptoLocker is a type of ransomware that emerged in 2013. It spread through malicious email attachments and encrypted files on infected systems, rendering them inaccessible to users. The malware demanded ransom payments in exchange for the decryption key. CryptoLocker was known for its strong encryption methods and had a significant impact on individuals and organizations, leading to substantial financial losses.

ILOVEYOU: ILOVEYOU, also known as the Love Bug, was a worm that emerged in 2000. It spread through email attachments disguised as a love confession. Once opened, it infected Windows systems and proceeded to overwrite files, including media files and documents. ILOVEYOU caused widespread damage by overwriting critical system files and spreading rapidly through email networks, causing billions of dollars in damages worldwide. Malware refers to malicious software designed to harm computer systems, steal data, or disrupt normal

operations. These four malwares, Morris, Stuxnet, CryptoLocker, and ILOVEYOU, have left a significant mark on the history of cybersecurity due to their unique characteristics and impacts. Understanding their behavior and propagation methods is crucial for developing effective security measures to protect against future threats.

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Answer:

36/7

Explanation:

First, multiply 4 and 3 then add 5 and 2 the answer you will get is 12/7, and then calculate 7%4 answers you will get is 3 now multiply 12/7 and 3 your answer will be 36/7

A graph is a diagram of a relationship between two or more variables that Can be represented by any of these dots, bars, or circles.The correct answer is option B.

A graph is a diagram of a relationship between two or more variables that can be represented by any of the given options: dots, bars, or circles. The choice of representation depends on the type of data being visualized and the purpose of the graph.

When the variables are continuous or numerical, such as temperature over time or height versus weight, dots or points are commonly used to represent the data. These dots are often connected with lines to show the trend or pattern in the relationship.

On the other hand, bar graphs are used when the variables are categorical or discrete, such as comparing sales figures for different products or population sizes of different cities.

In a bar graph, the height or length of the bars represents the values of the variables, and each bar corresponds to a specific category.

Circles are not typically used as a primary representation for variables in graphs. However, they can be employed in specific contexts, such as Venn diagrams or network graphs, where circles represent sets or nodes.

In summary, the correct answer is B: Graphs can be represented by any of the given options, depending on the nature of the variables being depicted and the intended purpose of the graph.

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The probability that one user is transmitting and the remaining users are not transmitting is approximately 0.000488 or 0.0488%.

In a packet switching system with 11 users, the probability that one user is transmitting while the remaining users are not transmitting can be calculated using the concept of independent events.
To find this probability, we need to consider the number of users who are transmitting and the number of users who are not transmitting.

Since only one user is transmitting, there are 10 users who are not transmitting.
The probability of one user transmitting can be calculated as the probability of success for that user, multiplied by the probability of failure for the remaining users.
Let's assume that the probability of any user transmitting is p, and the probability of a user not transmitting is (1-p).
To find the probability that one user is transmitting and the remaining users are not transmitting, we can use the formula for calculating the probability of independent events:
P(1 user transmitting and 10 users not transmitting) = P(transmitting) * P(not transmitting)^10
Substituting the values into the formula, we get:
P(1 user transmitting and 10 users not transmitting) = p * (1-p)^10
Now, let's assume p = 0.5, meaning each user has a 50% chance of transmitting and a 50% chance of not transmitting. Substituting this value into the formula, we have:
P(1 user transmitting and 10 users not transmitting) = 0.5 * (1-0.5)^10
Simplifying the equation, we get:
P(1 user transmitting and 10 users not transmitting) = 0.5 * 0.5^10
Calculating this expression, we find:
P(1 user transmitting and 10 users not transmitting) = 0.5 * 0.0009765625 = 0.00048828125
Therefore, the probability that one user is transmitting and the remaining users are not transmitting is approximately 0.000488 or 0.0488%.
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Answer:

B) A:

Explanation:

Answer:

Swap file

Explanation:

Answer:

When communication is effective, it leaves all parties involved satisfied and feeling accomplished. By delivering messages clearly, there is no room for misunderstanding or alteration of messages, which decreases the potential for conflict.

Explanation:

Answer:50

15

i dont know the 3rd number but hope it helped

Explanation:

Based on the given scenario above, the output will be 50, 15, 50. Check more about output  below.

An output is known to be a kind of data that a computer is said to bring out after processing.

Based on the above, conclusively, looking at the programming code, we can say that the output will be 50, 15, 50.

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The issorted algorithm has a worst-case runtime of O(n) in terms of the length of the input string.

To write a recurrence relation for the given algorithm, let's analyze the recursion pattern in the issorted procedure. The algorithm recursively checks if the array a is sorted by comparing each element with the next one. It starts the comparison from index i, and if a[i] is greater than a[i+1], it returns false. Otherwise, it calls issorted recursively with the next index i+1.

Based on this analysis, we can define the recurrence relation as follows:

T(n) = T(n-1) + c

Here, T(n) represents the time complexity of the issorted algorithm when given an array of size n. T(n-1) represents the time complexity of the recursive call with a smaller array size (n-1). The constant c represents the time taken to perform the comparison and the necessary operations.

Now, let's solve the recurrence relation using iteration and show the work:

T(n) = T(n-1) + c

= (T(n-2) + c) + c

= T(n-2) + 2c

= T(n-3) + 3c

= ...

= T(1) + (n-1)c

Since T(1) represents the base case where the array has only one element (which is already sorted), we can assume T(1) = 1 (constant time).

Therefore, we have:

T(n) = T(1) + (n-1)c

= 1 + (n-1)c

= nc

So, the worst-case runtime of the algorithm in big-Oh notation is O(n), where n is the length of the input string.

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write, explain, and solve (showing your work) a recurrence relation for the following algorithm. give the worst-case runtime in big-oh notation in terms of n, the length of the input string. algorithm issorted: input: a, an array of n integers return issorted(a, 1) procedure issorted (int[] a, int i): if(i >)

The correct answer is c. fault tolerance notification (ftn) bpdu. one is not bridge packet data unit.

The configuration BPDU (CBPDU), topology change notification (TCN) BPDU, and topology change notification acknowledgment (TCA) BPDU are all types of bridge packet data units (BPDU) commonly used in spanning tree protocols.The fault tolerance notification (FTN) BPDU is not a standard type of BPDU in spanning tree protocols. It is not a recognized term or component in the context of bridge packet data units.

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Answer:

the storage unit of a computer is known as the term which is used to indicate storage capacity.

Explanation:

Five units of storage units are:-

1) byte

2) kilobyte

3) megabyte

4) gigabyte

5) terabyte

The described process, where a company installs and tests parts of a new system incrementally until it is fully implemented, is known as incremental conversion.

Incremental conversion is a software implementation approach where a new system is installed and tested in stages or increments until the complete system is deployed. Rather than implementing the entire system at once, the process is divided into smaller parts or modules that can be installed and tested separately.

In incremental conversion, each module or portion of the system is installed, tested, and validated before moving on to the next increment. This approach allows for early detection of issues, easier troubleshooting, and the ability to make adjustments or improvements as the implementation progresses.

By breaking down the implementation process into smaller chunks, incremental conversion reduces the risks associated with a large-scale system implementation. It allows for better control, flexibility, and mitigates the impact of potential failures or issues. It also enables the company to start utilizing the new system sooner as partial functionality becomes available in each increment.

Overall, incremental conversion provides a structured and controlled approach to system implementation, allowing companies to gradually transition to a new system while continuously testing and refining the functionality until the entire system is complete. The incremental nature of the process enhances efficiency, quality, and reduces the potential risks associated with a full-scale system implementation.

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Answer:

copy and paste

Explanation:

you dont want to delete a file you dont want to see the details and you dont want to throw it away so copy and paste.

The most prominent feature in the East Pacific Ocean Profile is the Mid-ocean ridge.Question 6The type of plate boundaries that borders South America are Transform plate boundaries.

The three plates that interact with the East Pacific Ocean Profile are the North American Plate, Pacific Plate, and South American Plate.

Question BThe depth of earthquakes that occur in the vicinity of the two plate boundaries are:Intermediate (70-300 km)Shallow (0-70 km)Therefore, the depth of earthquakes that occurs in the vicinity of the two plate boundaries are intermediate and shallow.

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Connie's computer is affected by a hardware crash.

So, the correct answer is C.

This is indicated by the error message that appeared on the blue screen, indicating a problem with the computer's RAM.

RAM, or random-access memory, is a crucial hardware component in a computer that stores and retrieves data for the computer's central processing unit (CPU). When there is a problem with the RAM, it can cause the computer to crash or display error messages.

In this case, the error occurred while Connie was saving a document to her hard drive, which suggests that the RAM may have been overloaded or faulty. To resolve the issue, Connie may need to replace or repair the faulty RAM module.

Hence, the answer of the question is C.

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Before transfer, the first thing you should as an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) is to call the receiving hospital and speak to the surgeon on call.

EMT is an abbreviation for Emergency Medical Technician and this refers to a specially trained and certified medical technician who provides basic emergency medical services (EMS).

CPR is an acronym for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and it can be defined as an act performed by professionals or experts, in order to revive a patient whose respiratory system is failing.

Basically, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should typically be performed for patients who are still consciousness and breathing because they still have life in them.

In conclusion, the first thing you should as an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) before transfer, is to call the receiving hospital and speak to the surgeon on call so as to ascertain the availability of bed space and the presence of an expert.

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Dedicated probes are designed to scan and record wireless signals within their range at regular intervals and report the information to a centralized database.

A dedicated probe is a specialized wireless device that is designed to continuously monitor and capture wireless signals within its range. These probes are specifically built for the purpose of collecting data on wireless networks and transmitting the information to a centralized database for further analysis and management.

Dedicated probes are equipped with sophisticated scanning capabilities, allowing them to capture information such as signal strength, network protocols, encryption methods, and other relevant data. By regularly scanning the wireless spectrum, these probes provide valuable insights into the performance, security, and overall health of wireless networks.

The collected data from dedicated probes can be utilized for various purposes, including network optimization, troubleshooting, security analysis, and compliance auditing. The centralized database serves as a repository for storing and analyzing the gathered information, enabling network administrators and analysts to make informed decisions and take appropriate actions based on the collected wireless data.

Dedicated probes and their role in monitoring and managing wireless networks, including their benefits in network optimization, security analysis, and troubleshooting.

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The unique number that identifies a cellular subscription for a device or subscriber is called an IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity).

What is IMSI?

IMSI stands for International Mobile Subscriber Identity, which is a unique number that identifies a cellular subscription for a device or subscriber. It is used to identify and authenticate a subscriber on a cellular network. The IMSI is a 15-digit number, which consists of three parts:

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The goals when performing the EER diagram-to-relational schema mapping algorithm include all of the above options mentioned in the question.

Some of the goals when performing the EER diagram-to-relational schema mapping algorithm include ensuring that there are enough attributes to store all of the information.

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Explanation:

This is the correct answer

Answer:

[D] Python

Explanation:

With the exception of control flow, everything in Python is an object.

Thus, python is an object-oriented programming language.

~Learn with Lenvy~

The expression "not (10 < x < 20)" can be used to decide if x is not between 10 and 20.

The expression "not (10 < x < 20)" is the correct choice for deciding if x is not between 10 and 20. In this expression, the use of the logical operator "not" negates the condition inside the parentheses. The condition "10 < x < 20" checks if x is greater than 10 and less than 20, but by applying the "not" operator, the condition is reversed. So, if x satisfies the condition "not (10 < x < 20)," it means that x is not between 10 and 20.

Let's analyze the other answer choices to understand why they are incorrect:

"not (x < 10 and x < 20)": This expression checks if x is both less than 10 and less than 20, which is not what we want. It would only be true for negative values of x.

"not (x < 10 or x < 20)": This expression would be true for any value of x because it only checks if x is less than either 10 or 20, which would be true for any number.

"not (x > 10 or x < 20)": This expression would be true for any value of x because it checks if x is either greater than 10 or less than 20, which is true for any number.

Therefore, the expression "not (10 < x < 20)" is the correct choice to decide if x is not between 10 and 20.

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Software costs is the categories of sdlc costs.

How much does software and hardware cost?

The incremental charge incurred in producing each additional property is the primary pricing-related distinction between hardware and software. Hardware has an actual cost to produce each unit, whereas software has essentially no incremental cost. Materials, labor, shipping, and other expenses are included in the above hardware prices.

Why is the price of software so high?

Producing software is expensive.

The first expense is labor. Hundreds of people could collaborate to make a single movie game. A commercial software package can require hundreds of talented people. These software products must generate enough revenue to cover their labor expenses.

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Answer:

Apple

Direct Competitors: Microsoft and Samsung

Indirect Competitors: Best Buy and Target

correct on edge

Yes, creating a consolidated data collection plan to assess progress is a step in creating a focused program evaluation under the second phase of program evaluation.

In program evaluation, the second phase is the focused evaluation phase, which involves the development of a detailed evaluation plan to assess specific program outcomes. One key step in this phase is the creation of a consolidated data collection plan to assess progress towards these outcomes. This plan should outline the specific data sources and measures that will be used to gather information, as well as the methods that will be used to analyze and interpret this data. By developing a clear and comprehensive data collection plan, evaluators can ensure that they collect accurate and reliable information that can be used to make informed decisions about program effectiveness and improvement.

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Answer:

There are several potential reasons why environment variables might not be set correctly in a subshell when running a shell script. Here are a few potential solutions that Ciara could try to resolve this issue:

Check the syntax of the script: Ciara should make sure that the script is correctly formatted and that there are no syntax errors that might be causing problems.

Use the "source" command: Ciara can try running the script using the "source" command, which will execute the script in the current shell rather than in a subshell. This can help ensure that the environment variables set by the script are available in the current shell.

Export the environment variables: If Ciara wants to set environment variables that will be available in subshells, she can use the "export" command to make the variables available in subshells. For example, she can use "export MYVAR=value" to set the MYVAR environment variable.

Use absolute paths: If the script references files or directories using relative paths, these paths might not be correct when the script is run in a subshell with a different working directory. Ciara can try using absolute paths to ensure that the script can find the correct files and directories.

Check the permissions: Ciara should make sure that the script has the correct permissions and that she has permission to execute it.

I hope these suggestions help you. Let me know if you have any other questions.

The description of a situation in which you would want to use integer division in a program is that they would give you the exact answer you want when performing addition, division, etc, and is more reliable than using floating point math.

This refers to the term that is used to describe the operator divides two numbers and returns a result and its symbol is %

The Program that uses an integer division is given below:

int a = 25;

int b = 5;

int c = a / b ;

System. out. println(c);

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