fill in the blank. "Hydration is a specific example of the phenomenon known generally as __________.
a. solvation
b. disordering
c. dilution
d. salutation
e. condensation"
a. solvation

Ethyl 2-cyclo butene carboxylate is a cyclic ester having a four-membered ring. The carboxylic acid group and the ethyl ester group are located at opposite ends of the ring, on adjacent carbons. It has a total of seven atoms, and its molecular formula is C7H10O2.

Here's a step-by-step guide to drawing the structure of ethyl 2-cyclo butene carboxylate:

Step 1: Draw a four-membered ring with alternating double bonds, representing the cyclobutene moiety.

Step 2: Add a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and an ethyl ester group (-COOEt) to the ring, taking care to locate them on adjacent carbons.

Step 3: Add hydrogen atoms to complete the structure, taking care to follow the valency rules for each atom.

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Factors that increases reaction rate such as increase in concentration or pressure will reduce reaction time whereas factors that decrease reaction rate such as inhibitors will increase reaction time.

Factors that affect reaction rate are those factors which increase or decrease the rate of chemical reaction.

The factors that affect reaction rate include:

Any factor that increases reaction rate such as increase in concentration or pressure will reduce reaction time whereas factors that decrease reaction rate such as inhibitors will increase reaction time.

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The intermolecular forces that include dipole-dipole forces are found in the CH2F2 (l) liquid. Intermolecular forces are forces between the molecules that hold them together.

These forces are weaker than the intramolecular forces, which are forces within the molecules that hold them together. There are three types of intermolecular forces Dipole-dipole forces, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonds. These forces are based on different properties of molecules, and they play a vital role in the physical properties of matter.

Dipole-dipole forces are the forces between polar molecules that have a permanent dipole moment. These forces occur because the positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule. The strength of the dipole-dipole force depends on the polarity of the molecule and the distance between the molecules.

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The correct answer is 107.9 g of Ag is produced from a reaction of 31. 75 gram of Copper.

Molar mass of a substance is the mass in grams of one mole of the compound. A mole is the measurement of the number of things, such as atoms, molecules, and ions, that are present in a substance. Any material has 6.022 x 1023 molecules in a mole, it is known as Avogadro's number . The mole is used to determine the size of the tiniest entities quantitatively, just as we use a standard value to quantify many things, such as 1 dozen = 12 items.

Formula - Molar mass = mass in grams/mole = g/mol

Molar mass of a substance can be calculated as:

Given,

n = W/M, where

W = required mass

M= molar mas

Given chemical reaction is:

Cu + 2AgNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag

From the stoichiometry of the reaction,

1 mole of Cu = produce 2 moles of Ag

Given mass of Cu = 31.75g

Molar mass of Cu = 63.5g/mol

Moles of Cu = 31.75g / 63.5g/mol = 0.5 moles

0.5 moles of Cu = produce 2×0.5 = 1 mole of Ag

Molar mass of Ag = 107.9g/mol

Required mass of Ag = 1mol × 107.9g/mol = 107.9 g

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Answer:

The Ritcher scale

Explanation:

It measures the magnitiude of earthquakes on the basis of seismograph oscillations.

Answer:

the Richter scale

Explanation:

If the limit is less than 1, the series converges; if it is greater than 1, the series diverges; and if it equals 1, the test is inconclusive.

To determine whether the series converges or diverges, we need to examine its terms and apply a convergence test. Without the specific series provided, I am unable to show the step-by-step process. However, I can explain the concept of convergence and provide an example.
A series converge if the sum of its terms approaches a finite value as the number of terms increases. If the sum approaches infinity or does not approach any value, the series diverges.
One commonly used convergence test is the ratio test. It states that if the absolute value of the ratio of consecutive terms approaches a constant value less than 1, then the series converges.

To apply the ratio test, we calculate the limit of the absolute value of the ratio of consecutive terms as n approaches infinity. If the limit is less than 1, the series converges; if it is greater than 1, the series diverges; and if it equals 1, the test is inconclusive.

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Answer:

The volume of water added is 530 mL

The initial volume is 420 mL

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the original volume of the solution and the volume of water added

Mathematically, according to the dilution formula, we have that as:

Where:

C1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the first solution

C2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the second solution

Substituting the values, we have it that:

The above is the initial volume

To get the amount of water added, we subtract the above from the final volume

Mathematically, we have that as:

"The reaction of H and bicarbonate catalyzes the hydration reaction and generates free carbon dioxide."

What is bicarbonate?

Bicarbonate (HCO3-) is a salt that acts as a buffer in the human body, maintaining the pH of blood and other fluids in the body. Bicarbonate helps maintain the acid-base balance in the body and is involved in the exchange of gases between the blood and the airways.Bicarbonate plays an important role in the hydration reaction that happens in our body, as it catalyzes the reaction and helps produce carbon dioxide.

Hydration reaction:

The hydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which water molecules react with other compounds to produce a new compound that contains water as part of its structure. In other words, the process of adding water to a substance is known as hydration. The hydration reaction is a common process that occurs in many chemical reactions. For example, when cement is mixed with water, it undergoes a hydration reaction, which results in the formation of concrete.

Carbon dioxide:

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a gas that is formed during various chemical reactions. It is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and climate change. CO2 is produced during the respiration of living organisms, the combustion of fossil fuels, and other processes. Carbon dioxide is also used in the food and beverage industry to create carbonated beverages.

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Answer:

312g O₂ son necesarios, se producen 264g CO₂ y 135g H₂O

Explanation:

La combustión de butano para producir CO₂ y H₂O ocurre así:

C₄H₁₀ + 13/2O₂ → 4CO₂ + 5H₂O

Donde 1 mol de butano reacciona con 13 moles de oxígeno para producir 4 moles de dióxido de carbono y 5 moles de agua.

Para resolver este problema debemos convertir la masa de butano a moles y, usando la reacción balanceada, obtener cuánto se necesita de oxígeno y cuánto se produciría de dióxido de carbono y agua:

Moles butano -Masa molar: 58.12g/mol-:

87.0g * (1mol / 58.12g) = 1.50 moles

Moles y masa de oxígeno necesarias para la reacción -Masa molar: 32g/mol-:

1.50 moles C₄H₁₀ * (13/2 moles O₂ / 1 mol C₄H₁₀) = 9.75 moles * (32g/mol) =

312g O₂ son necesarios

Moles y masa de dióxido de carbono producidas -Masa molar: 44.01g/mol-:

1.50 moles C₄H₁₀ * (4 moles CO₂ / 1 mol C₄H₁₀) = 6 moles * (44.01g/mol) =

264g CO₂ se producen

Moles y masa de agua producidas -Masa molar: 18.015g/mol-:

1.50 moles C₄H₁₀ * (5 moles H₂O / 1 mol C₄H₁₀) = 7.5 moles * (18.015g/mol) =

135g H₂O se producen

Answer:

Buffer solutions are essential in regulating blood acidity because they help maintain a stable pH level in the body. The pH of blood needs to be tightly controlled within a narrow range of 7.35 to 7.45 for optimal physiological functioning. Buffers work by absorbing excess hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) that may be introduced into the bloodstream from various metabolic reactions. For example, if the blood becomes too acidic due to an increase in H+ ions, buffer systems such as the bicarbonate-carbonic acid system can neutralize the excess H+ ions and restore the pH balance. Conversely, if the blood becomes too alkaline due to an increase in OH- ions, buffer systems can absorb the excess OH- ions and bring the pH back to normal. In this way, buffer solutions help maintain the delicate acid-base balance crucial to the proper functioning of our bodies.

Answer:

Three most basic resources are land, labor, and capital; other resources include energy, entrepreneurship , information, expertise, management, and time.

Explanation:

The chemical formula of muscovite is given as (KF)₂(Al₂O₃)₂(SiO₂)(H₂O).

The mineral muscovite is very useful in the formation of rocks. It is composed of  aluminum and potassium in the hydrated form and is part of the mica family. It can be found in  igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks.

Rocks are massive structures which could be found above or below the earth's surface. They are formed by molten magma or by the deposition of materials in layers overtime. Some types of rocks are formed from changes in existing rocks.

The Muscovite could be used in cosmetics as well as to make a paint to shine The chemical formula of muscovite is given as (KF)₂(Al₂O₃)₂(SiO₂)(H₂O). We can see that it contains the elements aluminum, potassium and silicon.

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The density of the substance having a mass of 2.0 g is 0.4 g/mL (Option D)

First, we shall obtain the volume of the substance. This can be obtained as follow:

Volume of substance = (Volume of water + substance) - (Volume of water)

Volume of substance = 75 - 70

Volume of substance = 5 mL

Finally, we shall determine the density of the substance. This is illustrated below:

Density = mass / volume

Density of substance = 2 / 5

Density of substance = 0.4 g/mL

Thus, the density is 0.4 g/mL (Option D)

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7) True. Sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen are the primary pollutants responsible for acid rain.

8) False. When the base of an inversion lowers, pollutants are trapped near the ground, limiting dispersion.

9) False. The green flash phenomenon is best observed during sunset or sunrise, not around noon.

10) True. Oxides of nitrogen from automobile exhaust are a major cause of acid rain in eastern North America.

7.

True. Sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are the primary pollutants that contribute to the formation of acid rain. When these gases are released into the atmosphere from sources like industrial processes and vehicle emissions, they can undergo chemical reactions with water vapor and other compounds to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid, respectively. These acids can then be deposited as acid rain, which has detrimental effects on the environment and ecosystems.

8.

False. When the base of an inversion lowers, it actually traps pollutants close to the ground, preventing their dispersion into a greater volume of air. Inversions occur when a layer of warm air traps cooler air beneath it, forming a stable atmospheric condition. This phenomenon is common during temperature inversions, where the air temperature increases with height instead of decreasing. Under these conditions, pollutants, including smog and other harmful substances, can become trapped near the surface and accumulate, leading to poor air quality.

9.

False. The best time of day to see the green flash phenomenon is actually during sunset or sunrise, not around noon when the sun's rays are most intense. The green flash is a rare optical phenomenon that occurs when conditions such as atmospheric refraction and dispersion cause the last glimpse of the sun to briefly appear green or blue-green at the horizon. It is most commonly observed just after the sun has set below the horizon or right before it rises.

10.

True. Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), primarily emitted from automobile exhaust, have been identified as one of the main contributors to acid rain in eastern North America. When nitrogen oxides react with other atmospheric compounds, they can form nitric acid, which contributes to the acidity of rainwater. The combustion of fossil fuels in vehicles, particularly gasoline and diesel engines, releases significant amounts of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere, making automobile emissions a major source of these pollutants. Efforts have been made to reduce NOx emissions from vehicles to mitigate the impact of acid rain.

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Answer:

65.21g

Explanation:

\((48.89 \div 100) \times 63.929 = 31.25 \\ (27.81 \div 100) \times 65.996 = 18.35 \\ (23.3 \div 100) \times 67.002 = 15.61 \\ 31.25 + 18.35 + 15.61 = 65.21\)

The kind of intermolecular forces that act between a hydrogen molecule and an argon atom is dispersion forces (option D).

Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces that act between molecules or atoms. The strength of these forces determines the physical properties of substances such as boiling points, melting points, and solubility. The five main types of intermolecular forces are: Dispersion forcesDipole-dipole interactionsHydrogen bondingIon-dipole interactionsIn the given case, a hydrogen molecule is a nonpolar molecule consisting of two hydrogen atoms sharing electrons equally between them. An argon atom is also a nonpolar atom because it has a complete octet of electrons and no permanent dipole moment.

Therefore, the only intermolecular force that can act between them is the dispersion force. Dispersion forces are caused by temporary dipoles that are induced in nonpolar molecules or atoms when they come close to each other. These temporary dipoles cause the electron distribution in adjacent molecules or atoms to become distorted, leading to a weak attraction between them. Since hydrogen molecules and argon atoms are both nonpolar, they experience dispersion forces when they come close to each other. Hence, option D is the correct answer.

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Respuesta:

2 FeCl₃(aq) + 3 Na₂CO₃(s) ⇒ Fe₂(CO₃)₃(s) + 6 NaCl(aq)

Explicación:

Consideremos la ecuación no balanceada que ocurre cuando cloruro férrico acuoso reacciona con carbonato de sodio sólido para formar carbonato férrico sólido y cloruro de sodio acuoso. Esta es una reacción de doble desplazamiento.

FeCl₃(aq) + Na₂CO₃(s) ⇒ Fe₂(CO₃)₃(s) + NaCl(aq)

Vamos a usar el método de tanteo. Empezaremos balanceando los átomos de C, multiplicando Na₂CO₃ por 3.

FeCl₃(aq) + 3 Na₂CO₃(s) ⇒ Fe₂(CO₃)₃(s) + NaCl(aq)

Luego, balancearemos los átomos de Fe, multiplicando FeCl₃ por 2.

2 FeCl₃(aq) + 3 Na₂CO₃(s) ⇒ Fe₂(CO₃)₃(s) + NaCl(aq)

Finalmente, obtendremos la ecuación balanceada, multiplicando NaCl por 6.

2 FeCl₃(aq) + 3 Na₂CO₃(s) ⇒ Fe₂(CO₃)₃(s) + 6 NaCl(aq)

Answer:

There are various types of proteins with a number of different functions they perform. These functions can include:

Hope this helps!

Answer:

provide structure

transport substances

fight diseases

regulate cell processes

send messages

create movement

Explanation:

'cause i did it edge 2020

Answer:

C2H4(g) +H2O(g)=C2H5OH(g)

answer : increasing pressure

the amount of gas that can be dissolved in liquid water increase with the increase in pressure

Answer:

increasing pressure

Explanation:

Answer:

magnesium sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

Explanation:

Sulphuric acid is considered a strong acid. An acid that ionizes completely or almost completely in water is known as a strong acid. Sulfuric acid is classified as a strong acid since it has a dissociation constant of greater than 1. Option c. is correct.

The dissociation of H2SO4 in water can be expressed in the following equation:H2SO4 + H2O ⇌ HSO4– + H3O+

Sulfuric acid is a strong acid because it ionizes completely when it is dissolved in water to produce H+ ions. As a result, it is an excellent proton donor, and its strength as an acid is determined by its ability to donate protons in a given medium. Sulfuric acid is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid that is extremely corrosive and can cause burns. Option c. is correct.

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Answer:

No, it will still have 58.8 g of mass

Explanation:

If the half-life of Thorium 234 is24.1 days, then 24.1 days have passed, Thorium will lose half its mass. Its initial mass is 234, so after 24.1 days it will be halved: 117

If pass more 24.1 days, it willlost the half of its mass again, so the half of 117: 58.5.

If you add the days, 24.1 + 24.1, it will give 48.2. So the sample will still have 58.5 of mass before 48.2 days.

Thorium 234 is a radioactive element  which keeps on decaying over the time. Decay of radioactive element always comes under first order kinetics. Therefore after 48.2 days Thorium 234 will not be completely decayed.

Half life tells about the time at which the radioactive material decays to half of its initial concentration.

Mathematically,

\(t_{1/2} = \frac{0.693}{\lambda}\)

\(t_{1/2}\) is the half life time

\(}{\lambda}\) is the rate constant of the decay

If the half-life of Thorium 234 is24.1 days, then Thorium will lose half of its mass. Its initial mass is 234, so after 24.1 days it will be halved that is 117. If we add another half life time, then again it will loose half of its mass, so the half of 117 is 58.5. On adding  24.1 + 24.1, we get  48.2. So the sample will still have 58.5 of mass after  48.2 days.

Therefore after 48.2 days Thorium 234 will not be completely decayed.

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Answer:

It is quite known that in case of electrolyte there are no electrons. The electric current is basically due to flow of ions.

The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.25 years. The mass of the sample decreased from 0.800 g to 0.200 g over a period of 10.5 years.

To calculate the half-life of cobalt-60, we can use the formula for exponential decay:

N = N₀ * (1/2)^(t / T₀.₅)

Where:

N is the final amount of cobalt-60 (0.200 g),

N₀ is the initial amount of cobalt-60 (0.800 g),

t is the time elapsed (10.5 years), and

T₀.₅ is the half-life we want to calculate.

We can rearrange the formula to solve for T₀.₅:

\((1/2)^(^t^ ^/^ T _0_._5)\)= N / N₀

Taking the logarithm of both sides, we get:

t / T₀.₅ = log(N / N₀) / log(1/2)

Substituting the given values, we have:

t / T₀.₅ = log(0.200 g / 0.800 g) / log(1/2)

Simplifying further:

t / T₀.₅ = log(0.25) / log(1/2)

Using logarithmic properties, we know that log(0.25) = -2 and log(1/2) = -1. So the equation becomes:

t / T₀.₅ = -2 / -1

t / T₀.₅ = 2

Now we can solve for T₀.₅:

2T₀.₅ = t

T₀.₅ = t / 2

Substituting the value of t (10.5 years):

T₀.₅ = 10.5 years / 2

T₀.₅ = 5.25 years

Therefore, the half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.25 years.

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The question probable may be:

The mass of cobalt-60 in a sample is found to have decreased from 0.800 g to 0.200 g in a period of 10.5 years. Calculate the half-life of cobalt-60.

The volume of the gas is 1.27 L at a temperature is 47°C and the pressure is 5.0 atm. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

The ideal gas equation is described as the equation of the state of a perfect gas. The ideal gas equation is the product of the pressure and volume of one-mole gas is equal to the multiplication of the absolute temperature and gas constant.

The mathematical equation for a perfect gas is as follows:

PV = nRT

where n is the moles of an ideal gas, P is the pressure of the gas,  V is the volume, and R is the universal gas constant.

Given, the initial volume of the gas, V₁ = 2.0 L

The initial temperature of the gas, T₁ =  27° C = 300.15 K

The initial pressure of the gas, P₁ = 3.0 atm

The final temperature of the gas, T₂ =  47° C = 320.15 K

The initial pressure of the gas, P₂ = 5.0 atm

We know that for an ideal gas:

\(\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} =\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}\)

\(V_2=\frac{P_1V_1T_2}{T_1P_2}\)

\(V_2= \frac{3.0\times2.0\times320.15}{5.0\times 300.15}\)

\(V_2= 1.27 L\)

Therefore, the volume of the gas in its final state is equal to 1.27 L when the gas is heated to 47ºC and compressed to 5.0 atm.

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Answer:

you multiply it by the other subscripts in the parenthesis.

Explanation:

1) Convert moles of Br2 to grams

The molar mass of Br2 is 159.81 g/mol.

1 mol of Br2 is equal to 159.81 g Br2.