for a particular reaction at 298 k, the value of δh° = −128.1 kj/mol and δs° = −332.3 j/(mol•k). this reaction is
Answers
Since ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous at 298 K despite the decrease in entropy.
For a particular reaction at 298 K, the value of ΔH° = -128.1 kJ/mol and ΔS° = -332.3 J/(mol•K).
This reaction is exothermic and spontaneous.
The negative value of ΔH° indicates that the reaction releases heat, making it exothermic.
The negative value of ΔS° suggests a decrease in entropy, which is unfavorable for spontaneity. However, at 298 K, the overall Gibbs free energy (ΔG) would be:
ΔG° = ΔH° - TΔS°
Substituting the given values, we get:
ΔG = (-128.1 kJ/mol) - (298 K * -332.3 J/(mol•K) * 0.001 kJ/J)
ΔG = -128.1 kJ/mol + 98.7 kJ/mol
ΔG = -29.4 kJ/mol
Since the ΔG° is negative, the reaction is spontaneous at 298 K and the products are favored over the reactants under standard conditions. However, the extent to which the reaction proceeds will depend on factors such as the concentrations of the reactants and products, as well as the reaction mechanism.
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Related Questions
iron forms compounds as both a ferrous fe(ii) and a ferric fe(iii) ion. these two ions differ by:
Answers
Fe(ii) and Fe(iii) ions differ by E) 1 electron.
Ferric is the term used for an iron atom that has lost three electrons from the valence shell, on the other hand, ferrous is the term used for an iron atom that has lost two electrons from the valence shell.
As one shares two electrons while the other shares three electrons therefore they differ by one electron.
Fe(iii) is more stable due to its half-filled subshell while Fe(ii) is unstable in nature. There is a partially-filled d orbital in Fe(ii) resulting in its instability as half-filled and completely filled orbitals are more stable as compared to the partially filled orbitals.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Iron forms compounds as both a ferrous Fe(II) and a ferric Fe(III) ion. These two ions differ by:
A) 1 proton
B) 1 neutron
C) 2 protons
D) 2 electrons
E) 1 electron
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A house is 57.0ft ieng and 38.0ft wide and has B.0-ft-high celings. What is the volume of the interioe of the house in cubic meters and cubic centimeters? m3
Answers
Volume of the interior of the house in cubic meters = 487.1 m³
Volume of the interior of the house in cubic centimeters = 4.871 × 10^8 cm³
Given the dimensions of the house as 57.0ft length, 38.0ft width and 8.0ft high ceilings.
The volume of the house can be found by using the formula for the volume of a rectangular solid as:
V = lwh
where
V is the volume,
l is the length,
w is the width,
h is the height of the house
Given,
l = 57.0ft
w = 38.0ft
h = 8.0ft
Now, substituting these values in the formula for the volume of the house, we get;
V = lwh
= 57.0 ft × 38.0 ft × 8.0 ft
= 17248.0 cubic feet
We know that 1 cubic meter = 35.3147 cubic feet
Volume of house in cubic meters
V = 17248.0/35.3147 m³ = 487.1 m³
Thus, the volume of the interior of the house in cubic meters is 487.1 m³.
The volume of the interior of the house in cubic centimeters can be found by using the fact that 1 m³ = 10^6 cubic centimeters
Volume of the house in cubic centimeters = 487.1 × 10³ × 10^6= 4.871 × 10^8 cm³
Thus, the volume of the interior of the house in cubic centimeters is 4.871 × 10^8 cm³.
Volume of the interior of the house in cubic meters = 487.1 m³
Volume of the interior of the house in cubic centimeters = 4.871 × 10^8 cm³
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The moon stays in orbit around the Earth because of the Earth's
Answers
Answer:
Gravity
Explanation:
Which shows the atoms in order of decreasing atomic radii? A) F, Cl, Br B.) Cl, F, O C) S, Cl, F D) N, C, B
Answers
Answer:C) S, Cl, F shows the decreasing order of atomic radii across a period and down a group
Explanation:
The Trend of atomic radius in a period occurs like this :
decreases from left to right as you go across a period. This is because of the shrinking of the nucleus as electrons are being added to the same orbital or shell conferring on the nucleus a positive charge as protons are also being added to the nucleus causing an attraction of the positively charged nucleus to electrons.
Increase down the group-This is because of the increasing energy levels caused by an increase in the number of shell causing a gap between outermost shell and the nucleus.
--Therefore On the same group, as you move across the period 3, Sulphur has a larger atomic radius than chlorine and on group 17 chlorine has a larger atomic radius than Fluorine.
The pH scale was designed to make it convenient to express hydrogen ion concentrations that are small in aqueous solutions. The definiton of pH is in terms of base 10 logarithms.
Answers
Answer:
a. pH = 2.22.
b. [H+] = 2.588 x 10⁻⁴ mol/L.
Explanation:
Acids and Bases => Calculating pH of Acids and Bases.
As we saw before, the formulas to find the pH based on the hydrogen ion concentration [H+], and to find the hydrogen ion concentration [H+] based on the pH are the following, respectively:
\(\begin{gathered} pH=-log\lbrack H^+], \\ \\ [H^+]=10^{-pH}. \end{gathered}\)So let's see each case:
a. To find the pH of an H+ concentration of 6.02 x 10⁻³ mol/L we use the pH formula:
\(\begin{gathered} pH=-log\lbrack6.02\cdot10^{-3}], \\ \\ pH=2.220\approx2.22. \end{gathered}\)The answer would be that the pH is 2.22.
b. To find the H+ concentration of a pH of 3.587, we use the [H+] formula:
\(\begin{gathered} \lbrack H{}^+]=10^{-3.587}, \\ \\ [H^+]=2.5882\cdot10^{-4}\text{ mol/L}\approx2.588\cdot10^{-4}\text{ mol/L.} \end{gathered}\)The answer would be that the hydrogen ion concentration [H+] = 2.588 x 10⁻⁴ mol/L.
Hannah is writing a report on how albedo affects the global climate. she’s proofreading her passage for any factual errors. which sentence must hannah correct before submitting her report?
Answers
"A value of 0 means no energy is absorbed by the object, whereas a value of 1 means that all of the energy is absorbed" is the statement Hannah has to change.
What is Albedo Effect?
Albedo is a measure of how well surfaces reflect sunlight (heat from the sun). Large portions of the sun's rays are reflected back into the atmosphere by light-colored surfaces (high albedo). The sun's beams are absorbed by dark surfaces (low albedo).
An ice-covered Arctic reflects solar energy that would otherwise be absorbed by the oceans and raise the surface temperature of the Earth. Areas covered in snow and ice have high albedo values. How much of the incoming solar radiation is reflected or absorbed depends significantly on how much of the Earth's surface is covered by snow and ice. Dark surfaces with low albedo absorb more energy, which causes heat. Additionally, as additional ice and snow melts.
Hannah should have written instead," an object with a value of 1 absorbs no energy whereas one with a value of 0 absorbs all of the energy".
Question :
Hannah is writing a report on how albedo affects the global climate. She’s proofreading her passage for any factual errors. Which sentence must Hannah correct before submitting her report?
Earth receives energy from the Sun. This energy drives many of the processes on Earth, including its climate. Some part of this energy is reflected by Earth’s surface. We use the term albedo to describe the reflected energy. Albedo of an object is the ratio of the reflected radiation to the total radiation reaching the object. A value of 0 means no energy is absorbed by the object, whereas a value of 1 means that all of the energy is absorbed. In this way, the albedo of an object can influence Earth’s atmospheric temperature.
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Something that causes an object to move
Answers
at the end of experiment 10, you prepared equilibrium solutions. equilibrium solution a was prepared by mixing: 5.00 ml 0.012 m 2.00 ml 0.030 m 3.00 ml 0.20 m determine the initial concentration of and enter it in the box below:
Answers
After experiment number 10, you created equilibrium solutions. In equilibrium solution A, the initial concentration of Pb is 0.00072 M, or 7.2 × 10⁻⁴ M in scientific notation.
To determine the initial concentration of Pb in equilibrium solution A, we need to consider the volumes and concentrations of the reactants involved in the mixture.
The volume of Pb(NO₃)₂ used is 5.00 mL, and its concentration is 0.012 M. Using the formula:
Moles of Pb(NO₃)₂ = volume (L) × concentration (mol/L),
we can calculate the moles of Pb(NO₃)₂ as follows:
Moles of Pb(NO₃)₂ = (5.00 mL × 0.001 L/mL) × 0.012 mol/L = 0.06 × 0.012 mol = 0.00072 mol.
Since each mole of Pb(NO₃)₂ produces one mole of Pb, the initial concentration of Pb is also 0.00072 M.
Therefore, the initial concentration of Pb in equilibrium solution A is 0.00072 M, written in scientific notation as 7.2 × 10⁻⁴ M.
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Complete question :
At the end of experiment 10, you prepared equilibrium solutions. Equilibrium solution A was prepared by mixing: 5.00 mL 0.012 M Pb(NO3)2 2.00 mL 0.030 M KI 3.00 mL 0.20 MKNO Determine the initial concentration of Pb and enter it in the box below: Written in scientific notation, this number should contain Odecimal place(s)
Write a balanced half-reaction for the oxidation of solid manganese dioxide to permanganate ion in acidic aqueous solution. be sure to add physical state symbols where appropriate.
Answers
The balanced oxidation half equation is given below:
MnO₂ + H₂O → MnO₄⁻ + H⁺ + 3 e⁻What are oxidation reactions?Oxidation reactions are reactions in which the oxidation of the species increases.
Oxidation reactions can involve addition of oxygen or electronegative elements to a substance or the removal of hydrogen or electropositive elements from a substance.
The balanced half-reaction for the oxidation of solid manganese dioxide to permanganate ion in acidic aqueous solution is given below:
MnO₂ + H₂O → MnO₄⁻ + H⁺ + 3 e⁻
In conclusion, the balanced oxidation half equation shows that three electrons were lost by the manganese (iv) ion to form manganese (vii) ion.
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How many liters is equal to 2,000 mL
Answers
Answer:
2L
Explanation:
Answer:
2 Liters is equal to 2,000 mL
Explanation:
In one liter, there is 1,000 milliliters. Therefore, 2 liters is equal to 2,000 milliliters.
Hope this helped!
2072 Set D Q.No. 2 Which one has higher concentration and why? [1+1] a. 80 g/litre NaOH solution and 3 M NaOH solution. [1]
b. 5.3 g/litre Na2CO3 and N/10 Na2CO3 solution. [1]
Answers
Answer:
a. To compare the concentration of 80 g/litre NaOH solution and 3 M NaOH solution, we need to convert one of the concentrations to the other unit.
One mole of NaOH weighs 40 grams. So, to convert 80 g/litre NaOH to Molarity, we can divide 80 g/litre by 40 g/mol to get:
80 g/litre NaOH = 2 M NaOH
Therefore, 3 M NaOH has a higher concentration than 80 g/litre NaOH solution.
b. To compare the concentration of 5.3 g/litre Na2CO3 and N/10 Na2CO3 solution, we need to first understand what N/10 solution means.
N/10 Na2CO3 means that the solution contains 1/10th of the normal concentration of Na2CO3. The normal concentration of Na2CO3 is the molar concentration of Na2CO3 that corresponds to the formula weight of Na2CO3, which is 106 g/mol.
So, the normal concentration of Na2CO3 is 1 mol/L or 1 M Na2CO3.
Therefore, N/10 Na2CO3 solution has a concentration of 1/10 M Na2CO3.
Now, let's compare the two concentrations:
5.3 g/litre Na2CO3 = (5.3/106) M Na2CO3 = 0.05 M Na2CO3
Since 0.05 M Na2CO3 is greater than 1/10 M Na2CO3, the concentration of 5.3 g/litre Na2CO3 solution is higher than that of N/10 Na2CO3 solution.
Explanation:
Compare and contrast protons and neutrons. Use A.C.E.
A= Answer
C= Cite Evidence
E= Expand
Answers
What are two methods used to help identify the species of insect from the eggs on
human remains? Describe the methods.
Answers
Answer:
The two different methods to help identify the species of insects from the eggs on human remains are by using a small paint brush dipped in water and the other way is by using forceps.Explanation:
mark as brainliestThe insects have been defined as the most successful arthropods. There are far more species in the class Insecta than in any other group of animals. The insects are the only invertebrates with wings.
What are insects?The insects play a very important role in the web of the life in every environment. Their jobs include pollinating flowering plants, since it is the source of food for insectivorous animals and it assist in the decomposition of plants and animals.
The two different methods which help to identify the species of the insects from the eggs on human remains are by using a small paint brush dipped in water and the other way is by using the forceps.
The study of insects and their life cycle are found to be important for the forensic entomologist. This is because it could set a timeline on when the crime is happened. The life cycle of a blowfly starts as an egg and then goes to be maggots.
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what kind of oxide is formed when a piece of sodium is dropped in the water
Answers
Answer:
Sodium oxide is the product
Explanation:
4Na+O2->2Na2O
Oh no! a thermometer suddenly fell on the floor and broke! check all actions, if any, that you must take. a. pick up the broken thermometer, throw the broken glass away, and clean the area. b. tell the teacher about the accident right away. c. call 911. d. try to save the red alcohol from the thermometer for recycling purposes. e. pay for a replacement thermometer.
Answers
In the event that a thermometer breaks, the most important action to take is to pick up the broken glass and dispose of it properly.
The correct answer is: a. pick up the broken thermometer, throw the broken glass away, and clean the areaYou should also clean the area to ensure that there are no remaining pieces of glass. Additionally, it is important to tell the teacher about the accident right away and not try to save the red alcohol or pay for a replacement thermometer, as this is not necessary.
Calling 911 is not necessary, unless someone is injured by the broken thermometer. When cleaning up a mercury spill, it is important to use caution and protective gear, such as gloves, goggles, and a face mask, to reduce the risk of exposure to mercury vapors. You should also make sure to keep any children and pets away from the spill area.
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What kind of chemical bond exists between two nitrogen atoms to form nitrogen gas? Is this a strong or weak bond? When a chemical bond is formed, is energy absorbed or released?
Answers
Answer:
pure covalent bond ( inter atomic bond)
Explanation:
pure covalent exists between atoms of the same kind..two nitrogen atoms have the same electronegativity values hence cancel out making it a pure or non polar covalent bond
What is the most important scientific process
Answers
Answer:
atoms bonding
Explanation:
How many total atoms of each element are present in 5 H2SO4 + 2 H2O
Answers
5 H2SO4 + 2 H2O In this reaction 14 hydrogen atoms, one Sulphur atom, and 22 atoms of oxygen present in each element.
What is element ?A chemical element is a species of atoms, including the pure material made entirely of that species, that have a specific number of protons in their nuclei. Chemical elements, unlike chemical compounds, cannot be reduced by any chemical process into simpler molecules.
The most basic form of a material is an element. In general, it cannot be streamlined or divided into smaller parts. A component of an element is an atom.
A certain element only has one kind of atom per atom. Protons, neutrons, and electrons, which are subatomic particles, make up the remainder of an atom.
Thus, In this reaction 14 hydrogen atoms, one Sulphur atom, and 22 atoms of oxygen present in each element.
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why do we say the partials in a rock lying on the ground have kinetic energy and potential energy
Answers
Answer:
All particles of matter are always in constant motion. In this case, the particles of the rock possess kinetic energy as they vibrate in place. However, the particles also contain potential energy due to their position and arrangement. This form of stored energy is responsible for keeping the particles bonded together.
Explanation:
An indicator is used in a titration toshow when _It does this bychanging color.A there has been a change in temperatureB. to add more waterC. an equal number of moles of acid and base are present
Answers
ANSWER
EXPLANATION
Firstly, we need to define the word titration.
Titration is defined as a technique that is used to determine the known concentration of an unknown solution.
This normally occurs between an acid and a base
During titration, an indicator changes color when equilibrium has been attained between the two solutions. The solutions are normally acid and base. At equilibrium, the number of moles of acid is equal to the number of base.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C
why is a rise in sea level significant?
Answers
Answer:
I honestly dont know but its cool problably from water fill or from the waves going to much
Explanation:
wont more BRAINLYS just answer the question right
Answers
Answer:
1. A.
2. D.
3. E.
4. B
5. C.
Explanation:
1. The water cycle uses radiant energy from the sun to function
2. Crystals form by crystalization, hence the name.
3. Condensation is when water vapor changes to a liquid.
4. The water cycle is the movement of water on earth on and below it's crust.
5. Transperation is how plants release water into the air. Also how humans sweat.
Have a most wonderous day!
Minerals are all naturally occurring solid substances with a definable chemical composition. they also must possess _____________.
Answers
They must also possess a fixed crystalline structure (spatial arrangement of atoms and ions).
What are the properties of minerals?Color is one category, however it is not necessarily a reliable indicator of a mineral's identity. Numerous minerals can be found in a variety of colors, and many minerals contain additional compounds that give them a surprising color.The way a mineral reflects light is called luster. The characteristics of minerals include metallic, pearly, glassy, smooth, greasy, dazzling, or drab.When particular minerals cleave, they do so in a distinct manner.By observing how simple it is to scrape a mineral, hardness is determined.The chemical composition of each occurrence of a mineral varies within a narrow range, and the atoms that make up the mineral must exist in particular ratios.In a mineral, the atoms are arranged in a recurring, predictable pattern.
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If I add 2.75 g of CaO to 155 mL of distilled water, what will be the concentration of the solution be?
Answers
moles of CaO = 2.75g / molar mass
2.75g/ 56.08g = 0.049moles CaO
155mL / 1000 = 0.155 L
M= 0.049moles/0.155L
M=0.316
Which of the following is a physical or chemical characteristic of a mineral?
Answers
Find the percentage dissociation and hydrogen ion concentration of 0.2 mol/dm^3 of ethanoic acid if the equilibrium constant of acid is 1.85x10^-5 mol/dm^3
Answers
The percentage dissociation is 0.97% and the hydrogen ion concentration is 1.93 x 10^-3 mol/dm^3.
To find the percentage dissociation and hydrogen ion concentrationwe need to use the equation:
Ka = [H^+][A^-] / [HA]
where Ka is the equilibrium constant, [H^+] is the hydrogen ion concentration, [A^-] is the concentration of the dissociated form of the acid (acetate ion), and [HA] is the concentration of the undissociated form of the acid (ethanoic acid).
We know the concentration of ethanoic acid, [HA] = 0.2 mol/dm^3, and the value of the equilibrium constant, Ka = 1.85 x 10^-5 mol/dm^3.
Using the equation:
Ka = [H^+][A^-] / [HA]
1.85 x 10^-5 = [H^+][A^-] / 0.2
[H^+][A^-] = 1.85 x 10^-5 * 0.2
[H^+][A^-] = 3.7 x 10^-6 mol^2/dm^6
Since the concentration of the acetate ion is equal to the concentration of the hydrogen ion, [A^-] = [H^+].
So,
[H^+]^2 = 3.7 x 10^-6 mol^2/dm^6
[H^+] = sqrt(3.7 x 10^-6) = 1.93 x 10^-3 mol/dm^3
The hydrogen ion concentration is 1.93 x 10^-3 mol/dm^3.
To find the percentage dissociation, we divide the concentration of the acetate ion by the initial concentration of ethanoic acid and multiply by 100:
Percentage dissociation = ([A^-] / [HA]) * 100
Percentage dissociation = (1.93 x 10^-3 / 0.2) * 100 = 0.97%.
Therefore, The percentage dissociation is 0.97% and the hydrogen ion concentration is 1.93 x 10^-3 mol/dm^3.
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Which metal is likely to be more reactive? Mg or Rb
please explain why
Answers
Answer: Rb is more reactive
Explanation: The reason rubidium is more reactive is because it loses its valence electron more readily than Mg does.
Answer:
Rb
Explanation:
Mg has 2 valence electrons to loose vs Rb has 1 valence electron to loose.
Rb wins because losing 1 electron is easier than having to lose 2, which means Rb is more reactive ("ready" to react).
Provide a set of step by step instructions to make 750 mL of 1.5 M calcium chloride solution.
Answers
Answer: PLease see answer in explanation column
Explanation:
FIRST STEP
We find the grams ( mass ) of solute required to prepare the solution by using the formula
grams ( mass ) of solute, g(CaCl2)= Molar mass x Molarity of the solution x Volume of the solution
Therefore Preparing 750 mL of 1.5 M calcium chloride solution, we have that Molar mass of Calcium chloride =110.98 g/mol
g(CaCl2) =110.98 g/mol X 1.5mol/L X 0.75L
g(CaCl2) =124.8525g CaCl2
SECOND STEP
Now Dissolve 124.8525g CaCl2 in about 350ml of distilled water then add more water until the final volume be comes 750ml
Consider a gas cylinder containing 0. 100 moles of an ideal gas in a
volume of 1. 00 L with a pressure of 1. 00 atm. The cylinder is
surrounded by a constant temperature bath at 298. 0 K. With an
external pressure of 5. 00 atm, the cylinder is compressed to 0. 500 L.
Calculate the q(gas) in J for this compression process.
Answers
According to the question the q(gas) in J for this compression process is 0J.
What is gas ?Gas is a state of matter in which particles are spread out and have enough energy to move around freely. Gas is composed of molecules in constant motion and takes the shape and volume of its container. Gas can be either naturally occurring or man-made and is found in the atmosphere. Examples of naturally occurring gases include oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Man-made gases include helium, chlorine, and hydrogen. Gas is often used as a source of energy and is burned to produce heat, which can be used to power machines and vehicles. Gas is also used in many industries, such as in the production of chemicals and plastics.
In this case, n = 0.100 moles,
\(C_v\) = (3/2)R = (3/2)(8.314 J/mol K) = 12.471 J/mol K, and
T₁ = 298.0 K,
T2 = 298.0 K.
Therefore, q(gas)
= nCv (T₂- T₁)
= 0.100 mol × 12.471 J/mol K × (298.0 K - 298.0 K)
= 0 J.
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Describe the difference between physical and
chemical changes in terms of what happens to the matter involved in each
kind of change.
Answers
Answer:
Chemical changes cannot be reversed, their molecules are bonded together. Most Physical changes can be reversed, and their molecules are not bonded
Explanation: