Hello I need help on the question 2 for chemistry. Also- this is a worksheet for practice! Thank you!

Answer:

Volume of the \(CO_{2}\) gas at 44°C is 258 ml.

Explanation

here,

using Charles' law ,

\(\frac{V}{T} =\frac{v}{t}\)

where , V= initial volume          v= final volume

             T=initial temperature    t = final temperature

Given - pressure is constant ,

so , putting the values -

V= 240ml

T= 22 + 273K = 295K                      (since converting celsius into kelvin that

                                                         is +273K )

v =?

t = 44+ 273K = 317K

Now , putting the given values in charles' law ,

\(\frac{240ml}{295K} =\frac{v}{317K}\)

240ml x317K = v x 295K     (through cross multiplication )

v =\(\frac{240ml\times317K}{295K}\)

= 258ml .

thus , the volume of carbon dioxide in a container at 44°C IS 258ml .

a. The names for the compounds in the task above are given below:

b. The correct formulas for the compounds in the problem above are:

The formula of a compound is the chemical representation of chemical substance. The symbols of the individual elements which forms the compound is used in analysing the chemical formula of particular compund.

From the task given above, HNO3 is a compound which is formed by hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen and their symbols are used to form the formula.

In conclusion, it can be deduced from the explanation given above that the formulae of chemical species is used to represent chemical equation.

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Answer:

The reaction will slow down because it is below the optimal temperature.

Explanation:

Enzymes catalyses a reaction and thus increases its rate. The rate of enzyme action is dependant on temperature by Arrhenius equation.  If the temperature reduces 10 degree celsius, then the rate enzyme action rate will also decreases accordingly.

An enzyme is a biological catalyst. They increases the rate of chemical reactions by attaining equilibrium fastly. This is achieved by decreasing the activation energies of the reactants.

There are various kinds of enzymes which are specific in their function and specific  to some substrates.  The temperature at which an enzyme shows its maximum activity is called optimum temperature.

The Arrhenius equation showing the relation between rate of reaction and temperature is:

\(K = Ae^{- \frac{E_{a}}{RT} }\)

Hence, as the temperature increases rate  also increase. The enzyme activity also. Therefore if the temperature reduces the enzyme activity reduces.

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Answer:

option (b)

Explanation:

A gases can be compressed much more than a solid or liquid because the particles of a gas are very far apart

Answer:

i think it is the 2nd one

Explanation:

Cell potential is 0.204 and it is 0.315 when half cell potential is 0.258. To calculate the cell potential (E) for the half-reaction of a silver-silver chloride reference electrode, we can use the Nernst equation:

E = E° - (RT / nF) * ln(a)

Where:

E = Cell potential

E° = Standard electrode potential

R = Gas constant (8.314 J/(mol*K))

T = Temperature in Kelvin (25°C = 298 K)

n = Number of moles of electrons transferred in the half-reaction (for Ag/AgCl, it is 1)

F = Faraday's constant (96485 C/mol)

ln = Natural logarithm

a = Activity of Cl-

Given:

E° = 0.222 V

a = 1.94

Substituting the values into the equation:

E = 0.222 V - ((8.314 J/(mol*K)) * 298 K / (1 * 96485 C/mol) * ln(1.94)

Calculating this expression gives us:

E ≈ 0.222 V - (0.0257 V) * ln(1.94)

E ≈ 0.222 V - (0.0257 V) * 0.663

E ≈ 0.222 V - 0.017 V

E ≈ 0.205 V

Therefore, the cell potential for the half-reaction of the silver-silver chloride reference electrode with a Cl- activity of 1.94 is approximately 0.205 V.

To determine the activity of Cl- when the half-cell potential (E) is 0.258 V, we rearrange the Nernst equation:

E = E° - (RT / nF) * ln(a)

Rearranging for a:

a = e^((E° - E) * (nF / RT))

Given:

E = 0.258 V

E° = 0.222 V

Substituting the values and solving the equation:

a = e^((0.222 V - 0.258 V) * (1 * 96485 C/mol) / (8.314 J/(mol*K) * 298 K))

a ≈ e^(-0.036 V * 32226.42)

a ≈ e^(-1158.356 V)

a ≈ 0.315

Therefore, the activity of Cl- when the half-cell potential is 0.258 V is approximately 0.315.

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When two or more substances are mixed together, they can form a solution where the components are uniformly distributed throughout the mixture. The substance present in the greatest amount is called the solvent, while the other substances are called solutes. The solutes are typically present in smaller amounts and are said to be dissolved in the solvent. The process of dissolving occurs when the solute molecules break apart and mix with the solvent molecules. This can happen when there are attractive forces between the solute and solvent molecules that are stronger than the forces holding the solute molecules together.

The properties of a solution, such as its color, taste, and boiling point, are primarily determined by the solvent. The solute can affect the properties of the solution to some extent, but it is the solvent that has the most significant impact. When the solute and solvent are in the same phase, such as both being in a liquid state, the solute will dissolve in the solvent until a point of saturation is reached. At this point, no more solute can be dissolved, and the solution is said to be saturated.

Overall, dissolved substances play an important role in many chemical processes and are essential for life as we know it. Understanding how they behave in solutions can help us to better understand the world around us and develop new materials and technologies.

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In ethylene (H₂C=CH₂), each carbon atom uses its 2p orbital to form the pi-bond.

Ethylene (H₂C=CH₂) is a colorless, odorless, and nonflammable gas that has a sweet and musky odor. Ethylene is a hydrocarbon and is the simplest alkene. It is a simple organic compound that is commonly used in the chemical industry. Ethylene is widely used in the manufacturing of plastics, rubber, and other synthetic materials, as well as in the production of fruits and vegetables. When we talk about the formation of a pi-bond between two carbon atoms, it is necessary to know that each carbon atom has two unhybridized p orbitals that are perpendicular to the plane of sp² hybridization. The unhybridized 2p orbitals can overlap sidewise to form a pi-bond between two carbon atoms. In ethylene, each carbon atom uses its 2p orbital to form the pi-bond.

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The theoretical yield of sodium bromide formed from the reaction of 1.6 g of hydrobromic acid and 0.20 g of sodium hydroxide is 2.04 g.

The theoretical yield of sodium bromide is calculated by the equation: mass of sodium bromide = (moles of hydrobromic acid) x (molar mass of sodium bromide). First, you need to calculate the moles of hydrobromic acid. This can be done by dividing the mass of hydrobromic acid (1.6 g) by the molar mass of hydrobromic acid (80.91 g/mol):

Second, you need to calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide. This can be done by dividing the mass of sodium hydroxide (0.20 g) by the molar mass of sodium hydroxide (39.99 g/mol):

Moles of sodium hydroxide = 0.20 g / 39.99 g/mol = 0.005 moles.

Moles of hydrobromic acid = 1.6 g / 80.91 g/mol = 0.0198 moles.

Finally, the theoretical yield of sodium bromide can be calculated by multiplying the moles of hydrobromic acid (0.0198 moles) by the molar mass of sodium bromide (102.89 g/mol):

Theoretical yield of sodium bromide = 0.0198 moles x 102.89 g/mol = 2.04 g.

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There are 14.64 grams of CaF₂ in the 1.25 L a 0.15 M  of solution when we multiply the molarity, volume and molar mass.

Molarity can be said to be the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Therefore the number of moles of CaF₂ in the solution would need us to multiply the molarity by the volume of the solution in liters.

Mass of CaF₂ = Molarity × Volume × Molar Mass

Mass of CaF₂ = 0.15 mol/L × 1.25 L × 78.07 g/mol

Mass of CaF₂ = 14.64 g

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Hello there!

Your answer is C.

Answer:

The right option is; A. It is younger than the rock layer below.

Explanation:

A rock layer deposited on top of another rock layer is younger than the rock layer below. This is based on the law of superposition which states that in any undeformed sequence of rocks that are laid down in layers, the youngest layer of rock will be on top of the sequence, while the oldest layer will be at the bottom of the sequence.

Answer:

I guess 1-mole carbon dioxide contains 6.02 x 10^23 molecules.

Answer:

I would guess more atoms? but there is no graph attached

The coefficient of HSO₄⁻ in the balanced equation is 1

The coefficient of HSO₄⁻ in the balanced redox reaction can be determined by assigning oxidation numbers and balancing the atoms and charges on both sides of the equation.

In the unbalanced equation: Al(s) + HSO₄⁻(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → Al₂O₃(s) + S²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l)

Let's assign the oxidation numbers:

Al: 0 (unchanged)

H: +1 (unchanged)

S: +6 in HSO₄⁻ and -2 in S²⁻

O: -2 (unchanged)

To balance the equation, we start by balancing the atoms other than hydrogen and oxygen. Since we have two aluminum atoms on the product side, we need to place a 2 in front of Al on the reactant side:

2Al(s) + HSO₄⁻(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → Al₂O₃(s) + S²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l)

Next, we balance the charges by adding electrons (e⁻). On the reactant side, the total charge is -1 from HSO₄⁻ and -1 from OH⁻, making it -2 in total. On the product side, the total charge is -2 from S²⁻. To balance the charges, we need to add two electrons (2e⁻) on the reactant side:

2Al(s) + HSO₄⁻(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq) → Al₂O₃(s) + S²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) + 2e⁻

Finally, we check the balance of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. On the reactant side, we have 2 hydrogen atoms from HSO₄⁻ and 2 hydrogen atoms from H₂O. On the product side, we have 2 hydrogen atoms from H₂O and 2 hydroxide ions (OH⁻), which account for 2 hydrogen atoms. Hence, the hydrogen atoms are balanced.

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Hands should be washed with soap and water.

When you finish working with chemicals, biological specimens, and other lab substances, always wash your hands with soap.

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The volume of the stock solution needed for dilution is 0.065 L.

How to find the volume of concentrated solution needed for dilution?

To determine the volume of the stock solution needed for dilution, we can use the dilution formula: C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, C2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.

Given:
C1 = 1.5 M (concentration of the stock solution)
C2 = 0.54 M (final concentration after dilution)
V2 = 0.18 L (final volume)

We need to find V1, the volume of the stock solution.

Using the formula: C1V1 = C2V2, we can solve for V1:

V1 = (C2V2) / C1
V1 = (0.54 M × 0.18 L) / 1.5 M

Now, calculate the value:

V1 ≈ 0.065 L

With two significant figures, the volume of the stock solution needed for dilution is 0.065 L.

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The correct order of decreasing boiling point is: paraffin, C₂₅H₅₂ > hexadecane, C₁₆H₃₄ > 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, C₈H₁₈ ≈ octane, C₈H₁₈ > propane, C₃H₈

The boiling point of a hydrocarbon is primarily determined by its molecular weight and the strength of its intermolecular forces. Generally, hydrocarbons with higher molecular weights and stronger intermolecular forces have higher boiling points.

Therefore, we can rank these hydrocarbons in decreasing boiling point order based on their molecular weight. paraffin, C₂₅H₅₂, hexadecane, C₁₆H₃₄, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, C₈H₁₈, octane C₈H₁₈, propane, C₃H₈.

Hydrocarbons are the organic compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbons have various industrial applications, such as fuel for internal combustion engines, heating, and electricity generation.

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Iron (Fe) does NOT fit in the pattern in column 7 because Iron is a metal.

What are the characteristics of Iron (Fe)?

1. Iron (Fe) is a silvery-gray metal that is very malleable and ductile.

2. It has a melting point of 1538 °C (2798 °F) and a boiling point of 2862 °C (5164 °F).

3. It is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 5.6% of its mass.

4. It is magnetic, and it is an important component of steel and other alloys.

5. Iron is also an essential element for biological processes, and it is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Iron is not an element in column 7 of the periodic table because it is a transition metal, which is found in columns 3-12. Column 7 contains the halogens (Group 17), which are non-metallic elements. Allow (iron) had different properties (to oxygen and sulfur) and it ignore electrons.

Therefore, Iron is a metal is the answer.

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When free water molecules are excluded from an enzyme's catalytic pocket, a catalytic -OH group on an amino acid side chain becomes a stronger nucleophile. Let me explain why.

In an enzyme's catalytic pocket, water molecules can compete with the amino acid side chains for the reaction site. When water molecules are present, they can act as nucleophiles and participate in the reaction. However, when free water molecules are excluded from the catalytic pocket,
The -OH group on an amino acid side chain, such as serine or threonine, can act as a nucleophile by donating its lone pair of electrons to form a bond with the substrate during the catalytic reaction. This -OH group becomes more readily available for the reaction when water molecules are excluded, as it is no longer in competition with them.

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Answer:

And so many more.

Due to all these similarities ,they have similar  properties and they tend to react similarly with other substances.

Explanation:

Answer:

The number of valence electrons.

Explanation:

Electrons mainly have to do with the reactions and how bonds are formed between elements. Elements are placed in groups based on the number of valence electrons. The number of valence electrons determine the element's properties such as its reactivity with other elements. Therefore, the reason why elements in the same group have similar properties is because each group has the same amount of valence electrons (number of electrons in outermost shell) which affects its properties.

6.9×10^23 molecules of oxygen are produced when 43g of h2o decompose.

2H20⇆O2+2H2

given mass,H2O=43 g

molar mass H2O=18 g

moles=given mass/molar mass

moles=43/18

moles=2.3 mol

molecules of oxygen= 2.3/2=1.15 mol

molecules of oxygen=1.15 mol×6.022×10^23

molecules of oxygen=6.9×10^23 molecules.

The non-metallic chemical element oxygen is found in Group 16 of the periodic table, generally known as the oxygen group (O). All living creatures require the colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas known as oxygen. When plants use it as a source of carbon and release the oxygen back into the environment, plants utilise the carbon dioxide that animals have taken up and converted it into.

Oxygen may react with almost every other element to form compounds in addition to reactions that remove elements from their combinations with one another. Combustions are the name for these reactions, which are typically accompanied by the creation of heat and light. The most important component is water.

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Answer:

A.) 12

Explanation:

The number of valence electrons= the group number

Answer:

c) 3 valence elcertons

Answer:  Count only the electrons in the highest shell s and p orbitals when determining valence.

Explanation:  I'm glad you asked this question.  It is often not well explained.   The term valence electrons is assigned to only the electrons in an element's highest energy level.  These reside only in the s and p orbitals, and not the d or f, as I'll explain later.  The s orbital can hold 2 electrons and the p can hold 6.  Potassium, K, has an s orbital in its highest energy shell, 4.  It contains only 1 electron, so it has a valency of 1.  

Calcium, Ca, has 2 in its highest energy level: 4s^2, so it has a valency of 2.   Moving to the right, the element scandium, Sc, add another electron, but it goes into the 3d orbital.  3d is in the 3rd energy shell, so it is not counted as a valence electron.  Only after we move further right, to gallium, Ga, do we start adding electrons to the 4th energy level again - the 4p orbitals can accept up to 6 electrons.  Ga has 3 valence electrons - 2 in the 4s and 1 in the 4p.  Oxygen has 2 in the 2s and 4 in the 4p orbitals, for a total of 6.  It is close to having a comple outer shell (2 in the 2s and 6 in the 2p).  Just 2 more electrons would fill both the 2s and 2p orbitals for a total of 8 valence electrons, a stable configuration (the same configuration as thje stable gas Neon).

Answer:

Explanation:

given mass=220 kg

acceleration=5 m/s2

F=ma

F=220*5

F=1100N

The force from the motorbike's engine, given the data is 1100 N

The force from the bike's engine can be obtained as illustrated below:

Force = mass × acceleration

Force = 220 × 5

Force = 1100 N

Thus, the force from the bike's engine is 1100 N

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Answer:

7.8

ratio is 3 H2 to 1 of N2

so multiply 2.6 by 3

Explanation:

Using ozone (O3), a reactive oxygen allotrope, oxidatively cleaving alkenes or alkynes is called ozonolysis. Double bonds with oxygen can take the place of double or triple bonds between carbon and carbon.

Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain carbon triple bonds. Their overall equation is \(CnH2n-2\) for particles with one triple bond (and no rings). Alkynes go through a significant number of similar responses as alkenes, however, can respond two times as a result of the presence of the two p-bonds in the triple bond.

The alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one triple security, the overall equation of alkynes \(CnH2n-2\), and the triple security is known as the 'acetylenic security'. Numerous alkynes have been tracked down in nature. Ethyne \((C2H2)\) is the principal individual from the alkyne family, with two carbon particles associated with a triple bond.

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Answer:

Trial Y, because the volume of product per unit time is lower than Trial X

Explanation:

In the chemistry experimental setup, the amount of gaseous product formed by the different concentration of the trials are measured and the result is plotted on a graph

The given graph, shows;

The vertical, y-axis = The amount of product

The horizontal, x-axis = Th time of the reaction

Trial X = The graph line with a steeper slope

Trial Y = The graph line

Increase in the concentration f the reactants, increases the number of collisions, and therefore, the number of effective collisions that gives the product also increases, and the overall rate of reaction increases

A more concentrated reactants produce more product in a shorter time (yield more product in less time) than a less concentrated one, and a more concentrated reactant would have a steeper slope and therefore produce more volume of the product in less time than a less concentrated reactant, which produces a lower volume in the same time

Therefore, the trial that has a lower concentration of the reactant is Trial Y, because the volume of product per unit time is lower than Trial X.

Answer:

There ya go

Explanation: