HELP QUICKLY PLEASE !!!

1. Why are Clostridium Botulinum considered to be very pathogenic?

2. At what stage do Clostridium Botulinum produce toxins?​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Clostridium Botulinum can only grow in the absence of oxygen.

2. Clostridium Botulinum grows and produces toxins in food prior to consumption.


Related Questions

Please assist with following questionComplete the table below, showing the differences between mitosis and meiosis.

Please assist with following questionComplete the table below, showing the differences between mitosis

Answers

Mitosis Meiosis

Cells at the start of the division 1 1

Cells at the end of division 2 4

Parent cell diploid diploid

Daughter cells diploid haploid

Type of cells somatic sexual

Purpose growth, tissue regeneration reproduction, gamete production

When an oxygen atom forms an ion, it gains two electrons.
What is the electrical charge of the oxygen ion?
2
1
O +1
O + 2

Answers

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O+2

Preciso de uma introdução sobre a importância da cultura no desenvolvimento humano

Answers

Answer:

A precise introduction to the importance of culture and not human development

Explanation:

Cultural development is an integral component of the national development process as it is the vehicle for inculcating the love of the arts, aesthetics, moral values, and helping to build national unity and the patriotic fervor.

What are some reasons that the international system uses metric units and not the English system used in the United States

Answers

Answer:

Some reasons that the SI system uses metric units are the metric system's use of base 10, the lack of fractions, and the wide-spread use of the metric system around the world.

Which factors that affect personal health are the most easily controlled?
a.
genetic
b.
environmental
c.
lifestyle
d.
global

Answers

Its C because your lifestyle is a choice

Answer:

c. lifestyle

Explanation:

There are many things that can affect a person's health but not all can be controlled. For example, genetics are what people are born with and cannot be changed. Additionally, global and environmental situations can change but it takes an entire community; so, one individual cannot change these factors. However, one person can change their own lifestyle, assuming they have the willpower.

(brainliest) Scientists conduct investigation based on their own interests; societal needs and current events do not influence the work of scientists at all. TRUE OR FALSE
Explain why

Answers

It is considered false that scientists conduct investigation based on their own interests; societal needs and current events do not influence the work of scientists at all.

What is scientific investigation?

A scientific investigation is a strategy for posing questions and testing potential responses. Observations are usually the starting point for a scientific investigation.

Anecdotes frequently generate questions. Based on scientific knowledge, a hypothesis is a possible logical answer to a scientific question.

Scientists are directly influenced by societal interests and needs, and they frequently direct their research toward topics that will benefit society.

Scientists, like all professionals, have three levels of ethical responsibilities.

First, scientists must take personal responsibility for the integrity of their research, their interactions with colleagues and subordinates, and their role as representatives of their home institutions.

Thus, the given statement is false.

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Will give brainlist
The temperature of a substance changes from 120 C to 35 C. Which of the following is true?

The Kinetic Energy of the particles did not change.

The particles of the substance resulted in a high Kinetic Energy.

The particles of the substance initially had high Kinetic Energy.​

Answers

The particles of the substance initially had high Kinetic Energy.​

Does the kinetic energy of a particle change as the temperature changes?

Gas particles move quickly in all directions and regularly collide with one another and the container's side. The particles gather kinetic energy and accelerate as the temperature rises. The particles' real average speed is influenced by their mass and temperature.

In liquids, particles are quite close together and move with random motion throughout the container. Due to the closer proximity of the particles, collisions between them happen more frequently than in gases even if particles are moving quickly in all directions.

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Help ASAP please! Will give brainliest!!

Help ASAP please! Will give brainliest!!

Answers

Hi hi!!! The answer would be B!!

Answer:

D

Explanation:

All three of the options are important steps to the scientific process. Data must be collected to test the hypothesis. To collect data a procedure must be in place to make sure it is reliable and observations must be made to record as data. D is the only option that includes all three of these components so D must be correct.

SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME THIS IS DUE TONIGHT!!!! When the human body digests food, hydrolyzed carbohydrates that are produced move from the small intestine into the bloodstream. These hydrolyzed carbohydrate molecules are transported into the liver, where they are converted to glucose. The molecules of glucose are either stored in the form of glycogen or triglycerides or released back into the bloodstream for use by other body cells.

Two hormones regulate the levels of glucose in the blood - insulin and glucagon.

•When blood glucose levels are high (after eating; for example this signals the pancreas to secrete insulin. Insulin binds to receptors on body cells that allow cells to takeoff up glucose from the blood This action decreases blood glucose levels, as glucose leaves the blood and moves into cells


• When blood glucose levels are low after fast; for example), this signals the pancreas to secrete glucagon. Glucagon binds to receptors on liver cells that stimulate these cells to break down glycogen into glucose molecules and release them into the blood This action increases blood levels as glucose moves from its sto
rage location in liver cells into the blood

The graph below shows the changes in blood glucose levels in an individual over the course of day: It also shows the times when insulin and glucagon were secreted into the blood and the times that the individual ate meals​

Evaluate the data shown to determine whether they demonstrate a negative feedback mechanism or a positive feedback system. Justify your conclusion.

SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME THIS IS DUE TONIGHT!!!! When the human body digests food, hydrolyzed carbohydrates

Answers

In the given scenario, the regulation of blood glucose levels involves the hormones insulin and glucagon. This mechanism follows a negative feedback system.

When blood glucose levels are high, insulin is secreted, which allows cells to take up glucose from the blood, thus decreasing blood glucose levels. Conversely, when blood glucose levels are low, glucagon is secreted, stimulating the liver to break down glycogen into glucose and release it into the blood, increasing blood glucose levels.

When blood glucose levels deviate from the normal range, the body responds by secreting insulin or glucagon to bring the levels back to the normal range. The actions of insulin and glucagon are opposing and work to maintain the balance of blood glucose levels. As blood glucose levels increase, insulin is secreted to lower them, and as blood glucose levels decrease, glucagon is secreted to raise them. This feedback loop helps maintain homeostasis by keeping blood glucose levels within a certain range.

Therefore, the data demonstrate a negative feedback mechanism for the regulation of blood glucose levels.

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can someone please help

can someone please help

Answers

Answer:

attached is the correct answer

10. Which element in magma is most abundant?
O A. Oxygen
O B. Silicon
O C. Aluminum
OD. Iron

Answers

Answer:

A. oxygen

Explanation:

element in magma is most abundant is oxygen.

Answer:

Hmmm let me think.... I got it the answer is A.

What is mRNA?
A. a snippet of the nuclear envelope
B. a transcript of information from the ER C. a piece of DNA that has broken off
D. a transcript of information from DNA

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

mRNA is gotten from the transcription of DNA molecules that form the Euchromatin.

¿como se aplica la biología en la medicina?

Answers

Answer:

La biología médica es un campo de la biología que tiene aplicaciones prácticas en medicina, cuidado de la salud y diagnósticos de laboratorio.

Explanation:

Transpiration is the loss of water from the leaves of plants. The stomata of leaves must
open to allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf for photosynthesis, but when they are open,
water vapor escapes into the atmosphere.
HYPOTHESIS: As the intensity of light is increased, the rate of transpiration will increase,
as measured in by the loss of mass of the plant.
what is the independent and dependent variable HELP

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

dependant= loss of mass of the plant (not sure) as you're measuring it i guess? or it may be transpiration. which one are you actually measuring

independent=light of intensity as you're changing

Why do hotter substances have a tendency to rise?

Answers

The transfer of heat will continue as long as there is a difference in temperature between the two locations. Once the two locations have reached the same temperature, thermal equilibrium is established and the heat transfer stops.

Answer:

Why do hotter substances have a tendency to rise?

Explanation:

 The molecules heats up and moves fast, since the air is less dense than the surrounding then the hot air floats upward.

Describe how energy flows through trophic levels in a food chain.

Answers

In ecology, energy flow refers to the energy going from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

Trophic levels refer to the position that an organism has in a food web or food web.

The first level is the producers, which are autotrophic organisms that can produce energy from inorganic sources through processes such as photosynthesis. Here we can find plants, algae, and bacteria.

The next level is primary consumers, which are organisms that feed on the producers. This includes herbivores.

Next, there are secondary and tertiary consumers, which are carnivores that eat herbivores, and carnivores that eat carnivores.

There is also an extra trophic level of decomposers, which feed on the remains of other living beings and left behind nutrients that can be used by producers.

Just a fraction of the energy in each level passes to the next, which means there are fewer organisms going from one level to the next.

Describe how energy flows through trophic levels in a food chain.

A scientist is attempting to provide support for the hypothesis that RNA was the first genetic material. Which of the following would be a workable alternate hypothesis?
(A) RNA, like DNA, is a carrier of genetic information and contains the nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine.
(B) RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate.
(C) RNA exists in both single-stranded and double-stranded configurations; however, it is less stable compared with DNA.
(D) Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA are products of transcription, but they are not translated as is mRNA.

Answers

RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate. Thus, option B is correct.

What is RNA?

RNA has a nucleic acid that has a single-stranded structure. RNA is also a genetic material. It helps in coding, decoding, and gene expression. RNA was the first genetic material and RNA can be replicated by itself. It has evolved all the methods that are necessary to store genetic information.

Thus, the hypothesis (B) RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate is the correct option.

Therefore, RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate. Thus, option B is correct.

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4. The ATP yield from 2 moles of mitochondrial NADH under aerobic conditions in a eukaryotic cell would be: which option is correct a) 1 mole of ATP b) 2 moles of ATP c) 3 moles of ATP d) 4 moles of ATP e) 6 moles of ATP​

Answers

The ATP yield from 2 moles of mitochondrial NADH under aerobic conditions in a eukaryotic cell is approximately 4 moles of ATP.

During oxidative phosphorylation, each mole of NADH can generate around 2.5 to 3 moles of ATP. Therefore, for 2 moles of NADH, the total ATP production would be in the range of 4 to 6 moles of ATP. While the more precise estimate falls within the 4 to 6 moles range, the closest option provided is 4 moles of ATP. It is important to note that the exact ATP yield can vary depending on factors such as the efficiency of the electron transport chain and the specific conditions within the cell.

Since there are 2 moles of mitochondrial NADH, the total ATP yield would be around 4 to 6 moles of ATP. However, the most accurate option among the given choices is 4 moles of ATP.

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Which three processes are methods of genetic recombination? natural selection, crossing over, and independent assortment crossing over, independent assortment, and fertilization independent assortment, fertilization, and natural selection fertilization, natural selection, and crossing over

Answers

Answer:

Crossing over, Independent assortment, and fertilization

Explanation:

Genetic recombination is the exchange of genetic material between organisms.

Genetic recombination is the process that occurs when two or more genomes combine to form a new genome. It is an important mechanism of evolution and is responsible for the diversity of life.

What are the three main processes of genetic recombination ?

The three main processes of genetic recombination are natural selection, crossover, and independent assortment. Natural selection is the process by which certain traits are passed down from generation to generation because they are beneficial to the organism.

This process is controlled by the environment and can result in the evolution of new species. Crossing over is the process by which chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis. This process increases genetic diversity and can lead to the creation of new traits.

Finally, independent assortment is the process in which the alleles of a gene are randomly distributed to gametes during meiosis. This process also increases genetic diversity and can lead to the creation of new traits. All three processes of genetic recombination are necessary for the evolution of species and the development of new traits. Without these processes, genetic diversity would decrease and species would become less adaptable to their environment.

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compare the composition of gas in air entering and leaving the trachea in the grasshopper​

compare the composition of gas in air entering and leaving the trachea in the grasshopper

Answers

Answer: probably 2

Explanation:

why do we need to follow lab safety rules​

Answers

Answer:

If we don't follow lab safety rules, someone could end up seriously hurt or lab equipment could get broken

Answer:

to ensure our safety when dealing with dangerous chemicals

PLEASE HELP

what is the function of chromosomes

1) regulating the production of specific proteins
2) producing energy through metabolism
3) transmitting electrical signals through the body
4) controlling the rate of cellular division

Answers

Explanation:

1) regulating the production of specific proteins

what organ systems help the digestive system when your food goes down your stomach?

Answers

I’m pretty sure it’s the intestines

I think it is the intestines

How many kingdoms are there in the domain Bacteria?
OA. 3
OB.A
OC. 2
OD. 4

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

The classification system for bacteria has undergone several revisions, and different sources may give slightly different answers. However, based on the most widely accepted classification system, there are 2 kingdoms in the domain Bacteria:Kingdom Eubacteria (true bacteria)Kingdom Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria or archaea)Therefore, the answer is option C, 2.

In the domain Bacteria, there are two recognized kingdoms: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria. Eubacteria includes the vast majority of known bacterial species, while Archaebacteria includes a smaller group of bacteria that are often found in extreme environments such as hot springs, salt flats, and deep-sea hydrothermal vents.So, the correct answer is C, 2.

Data Collection: Pinky's science fair project in junior high focused on an observation that the
crickets outside her window chirped less frequently when the temperature was colder.
Fun Fact: There are free "cricket chirp calculators" online you can explore, which
didn't exist freely online when Pinky was in junior high.
Consider if data was collected consisting of the average number of cricket chirps
at different temperatures in her backyard. in the collection of data list at least 3 important constants?​

Answers

Answer:

The three important constants are: The person who will collect the data (Pinky), the environment in which the data will be collected (Pinky's backyard) and the element who will provide the data (the crickets).

Explanation:

Constants are very important elements in carrying out controlled experiments. This is because they allow all measurements and data collections to be carried out in constant systems that do not change and that will provide unity and control to the experiment.

In short, the constants are the elements of the experiment that will not be modified while the experiment takes place. These elements are: the person who is conducting the experiment and who will collect the data (Pinky), the environment in which the data will be collected (Pinky's yard) and the element who will provide the data (the crickets).

139. The part of seed that stores food is called the answer

Answers

Answer:

Cotyledon

Explanation:

it is the embryonic leaf so it supplies the nutrients to germinate.

what stage in an animals life cycle follows the fertilization of an egg? adolescent baby embryo or infant

Answers

Answer:

Embryo

Explanation:

Fertilization of an egg forms an embryo.

92ml 3.0 fl oz what is the ratio​

Answers

The ratio between 92 mL and 3.0 fl oz is 46 : 44, or it can be further simplified to 23 : 22.

To find the ratio between 92 mL and 3.0 fl oz, we need to convert the units to a common measurement. Let's convert 3.0 fl oz to milliliters (mL).

1 fluid ounce (fl oz) is equal to approximately 29.5735 milliliters (mL).

Therefore, 3.0 fl oz is equal to 3.0 * 29.5735 = 88.72 mL (rounded to two decimal places).

Now we can express the ratio between 92 mL and 88.72 mL:

92 mL : 88.72 mL

Simplifying the ratio by dividing both sides by the greatest common divisor, we get:

46 : 44

So, the ratio between 92 mL and 3.0 fl oz is 46 : 44, or it can be further simplified to 23 : 22.

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Organisms that complete the final breakdown and recycling of organic materials from
the remains of all organisms are the
detritivores
omnivores
decomposers
O carnivores

Answers

Answer:

decomposers

Explanation:

These are heterotrophic organisms that feed on dead animals and plants, secretions, or discarded parts of living beings, that is, organic matter.

And they break it down into inorganic.

Thus, inorganic substances that can be reused in the process of photosynthesis are returned, recycled, to nature.

Which of the following statements best describes the effects that depressants have on the body due to its effects on the central nervous system?

Answers

Depressants slow down the activity of the central nervous system, resulting in relaxation, drowsiness, and impaired judgment, coordination, and reaction time and effect the central nervous system.

The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for integrating sensory information from the body and the environment, and controlling behavior and motor responses. It consists of neurons, glial cells, and specialized receptors. The neurons process information and transmit signals to and from other parts of the body. The glial cells provide structural and metabolic support. The specialized receptors detect and transduce information from the environment, such as light and sound. The CNS is responsible for higher-order functions such as thought, emotion, learning, and memory. It is also responsible for controlling unconscious processes such as respiration, digestion, and other involuntary functions

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You have just opened a new Italian restaurant in your hometown where there are three other Italian restaurants. Your restaurant is doing a brisk business and you attribute your success to your distinctive northern Italian cuisine using locally grown organic produce. What is likely to happen to your business in the long run Sharon inc. had just landed a white whale of a customer, BC University, after spending $52,000 in initial acquisition costs! BC University is expected to generate $39,000 a year in margin, and Sharon inc expects this relationship to last for a very long time (decades). Additional costs to serve and retain BC University are estimated to be $20,000 annually. The retention rate per period is 92%. The cost of capital for Sharon inc is 15%. What is the customer lifetime value of BC University for Sharon inc?Please answer with step by step ASAP!!!! (I have already posted this question and got no reply, please help) Kevin will roll a number cube, numbered 1 through 6, three times. what is the probability of rolling an odd number, then a 3, and then an even number? What is the range of the function represented by the graph?22-2-2O {0, 1, 2, 3}O {1, 2, 3, 4)O 1sys4O OSXS3 Given: ABCD is a trapezoid, AD = 10, BC = 8, CK - altitude ,Area of ACD = 30.Find: Area of ABCDBTW:the answer is somehow not 54 Can anyone help me? According to Gibran, during which specific times of the day should one show gratitude for another day of loving?A)awaking in the morning and returning home in the eveningB)awaking in the morning and going to bed in the evening09meditating at noon and returning home in the eveningD)awaking in the morning and meditating at noon The United Nations is the largest international organization in the world,Please select the best answer from the choices provided.F 965 g +50 cm3 explain your answer! find the value of X in the following figures Consider the diagram of a circle shown below, with intersecting chords and lengths.Find the value of x. a seed company has a test plot in which it is testing the germination of a hybrid seed, They plant 50 rows of 40 seeds per row. After a two week period, the researchers count how many seed per row have sprouted. They noted that least number of seeds to germinate was 33 and some rows had all 40 germinate. The germination data is given below in the table. The random variable x represents the number of seed in a row th which of these was a popular show that toured along the east coast of the united states in the early 20th century and was featured in a film in the 1940s quizleta,) ziegfeld follies b,) tanner and deanc,) manhattan girls d,) essaney studios The password to sally cell phone has to be four digits and she can use the numbers 0-9 she is allowed to repeat the same number multiple times. Which option shows how to calculate the total number of passwords sally could create Standard deviation is meant to show how close the mean of the data set is to the actual meanTrue or False If a password is salted with a 24-bit random number, how big is the dictionary attack search space for a 200,000 word dictionary? A report by the NCAA states that 57.6% of football injuries occur during practices. A head coach trainer claims that thispercentage is too high for his conference, so he randomly selects 36 injuries and finds that 17 occurred during practice.Is his claim correct? Test an appropriate hypothesis. Use a = 0.05.Then after you get the z-score if that is what you are looking how do you interpret in then? Keon was hoping to explore some underwater caves using his scuba gear. what difficulty might keon run into using this equipment? a. the air in the caves was too thick for this equipment b. scuba gear isn't useful for shallow diving. c. the gear was too bulky for the cave environment. d. the scuba gear was unable to get the right mix of air. onDraw3. The weight of a body varies from location to location. Where would the weight of thebody be leastOn the moonAt sea level on earthOn top of Mount EverestIn space4. We meet many different types of force every day. Some of these are shown in the listbelow. However, one of these is NOT a force. Which one is it?ASpeedBPushCPullFriction HELP FOR BRAIBLEST!! PLEASE