How and why have the major religions of the middle east influenced the culture, economy, and politics of this region?

Answers

Answer 1

The major religions of the Middle East (Islam, Judaism, and Christianity) have influenced the region's culture, economy, and politics, shaping social norms, economic practices, governance, and conflicts.



The major religions of the Middle East, namely Islam, Judaism, and Christianity, have greatly influenced the region's culture, economy, and politics. These religions provide a framework for social norms, moral values, and identity formation.



Culturally, they have shaped art, architecture, literature, and cuisine. Economically, religious practices such as pilgrimage and charitable giving have contributed to trade and wealth accumulation. Politically, religious institutions have played a significant role in governance and have influenced legal systems.

 

 Additionally, conflicts rooted in religious differences have shaped political dynamics. Overall, the major religions have left a profound impact on the Middle East, shaping its cultural expressions, economic practices, and political landscape.

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Related Questions

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543M(-2, 1)21-512545-4 -3 -2 -1-1-2--3--4N (5,-3)-5-What is me distance between points M and N?. 11O

Answers

Answer:

5

Step-by-step explanation:

not you deleting it

Please help and show work, will give lots of points!

Lourdes is reading a biography for her history class. She reads 30 pages each day. After 9 days, Lourdes has read 3/5 of the biography. Write a linear equation to represent the number of pages Lourdes still has to read after x days.
y = []x + []
(Use above format to write the equation.)

What does the y-intercept of this linear equation represent?
A. Pages already read
B. Pages in book
C. Pages read each day
D. Days to finish

Answers

Answer:

The linear equation is y = 450 - 30 x, where y is the number of pages

Lourdes has left to read after x days

Step-by-step explanation:

Each day, Lourdes reads 30 pages of a 450-page book

- We need to write a linear equation to represent the number of pages

 Lourdes has left to read after x days

∵ Lourdes reads 30 pages each day

∵ Lourdes will read for x days

∴ The number of pages Lourdes will read in x day = 30 x

- The left pages will be the difference between the total pages of the

 book and the pages Lourdes read

∵ The book has 450 pages

∵ Loured will read 30 x in x days

∴ The number of pages left = 450 - 30 x

- Assume that y represents the number of pages Lourdes has left

 to read after x days

∴ y = 450 - 30 x

The linear equation is y = 450 - 30 x, where y is the number of

pages Lourdes has left to read after x days

Use the Right Triangle Alt. Thm., Pythag. Thm. and/or Similar Triangles to solve.​

Use the Right Triangle Alt. Thm., Pythag. Thm. and/or Similar Triangles to solve.

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

Use the Right Triangle Alt. Thm., Pythag. Thm. and/or Similar Triangles to solve.

A sculptor begins work on a block of granite that has a mass of 400 kg. What is the density of the granite?

Answers

The method for density is d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is extent. Density is usually expressed in devices of grams in keeping with cubic centi meter.

what's the density of the granite?

The common density of granite is between 2.65 and 2.75 g/cm3 (one hundred sixty five and 172 lb/cu feet), its compressive energy usually lies above hundred MPa (29,000 psi), and its viscosity close to STP is 3–6·1020 Pa·s.

GRN = GL * GW * GT/12 * a hundred seventy five

GRN is the Granite Weight (lb)

GL is the granite period (ft)

GW is the granite width (feet)

GT is the granite thickness (in)

The density of granite is high and tiers from 2.sixty three to two.75 g according to cm3. Its resistance to strain is between 1.000 and 1.4 hundred good enough in step with cm2.

Rock density can be very sensitive to the minerals that compose a particular rock kind. Sedimentary rocks (and granite), which can be rich in quartz and feldspar, have a tendency to be less dense than volcanic rocks.

Therefore, The method for density is d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is extent.

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a pie chart should be considered when you have just one data series to plot. T/F

Answers

True, a pie chart should be considered when you have just one data series to plot. A pie chart is a circular chart that is divided into slices to represent numerical proportions.

Each slice of the pie chart represents a category or percentage of a whole. Pie charts are useful when you want to display relative proportions or percentages of a single data series. They are easy to understand and provide a quick visual representation of data. However, pie charts are not recommended for complex data sets or when comparing multiple data series. In such cases, a bar chart or a line graph may be a better option. It is important to choose the right type of chart based on the nature of the data and the purpose of the visualization.


True, a pie chart should be considered when you have just one data series to plot. A pie chart is a circular graphical representation of data that displays the size of items in one data series as a proportion of the total sum of the items. The individual data points are shown as slices or segments of the pie, with each segment's size representing the proportion of the whole.

Pie charts are particularly useful for visualizing percentages and proportions of a whole, and they work best when there are a limited number of categories in the data series. They are simple and easy to understand, making them a popular choice for presenting information to a broad audience.

However, pie charts may not be the best choice for every situation. If there are too many categories, the segments may become too small to easily distinguish between them. Additionally, if you need to compare multiple data series or trends over time, other chart types, such as bar or line charts, might be more appropriate.

In summary, pie charts are an effective choice for visualizing a single data series with a limited number of categories, especially when the goal is to show proportions or percentages. If these conditions are met, a pie chart can be a useful and easily understood way to display your data.

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Can someone help me please, i’ll give brainliest.

Can someone help me please, ill give brainliest.

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

The amount of gasoline purchased per car at a large service station is normally distributed with the mean of $47 and a standard deviation of $5. A random sample of 47 is selected, describe the sampling distribution for the sample mean.

Answers

The sampling distribution for the sample mean will be normally distributed with a mean of $47 and a standard deviation of approximately $0.73.

The sampling distribution for the sample mean in this scenario would also be normally distributed, with a mean of $47 (the same as the population means) and a standard deviation of $5/sqrt(47) (the standard error of the mean).

This means that if we were to take multiple random samples of size 47 from this population, the means of each sample would be normally distributed around $47, and the spread of the means would be smaller than the spread of the individual amounts purchased due to the central limit theorem.

Given that the amount of gasoline purchased per car at a large service station is normally distributed with a mean of $47 and a standard deviation of $5, and you have a random sample of 47 cars, we can describe the sampling distribution for the sample mean using the following information:

1. The shape of the sampling distribution: Since the original population is normally distributed, the sampling distribution of the sample mean will also be normally distributed according to the Central Limit Theorem.

2. The mean of the sampling distribution (μ_X): The mean of the sampling distribution will be equal to the mean of the population, which is $47.

3. The standard deviation of the sampling distribution (σ_X): To find the standard deviation of the sampling distribution, we need to divide the population standard deviation (σ) by the square root of the sample size (n). In this case, σ = $5 and n = 47.

σ_X = σ / √n = 5 / √47 ≈ 0.73

So, the sampling distribution for the sample mean will be normally distributed with a mean of $47 and a standard deviation of approximately $0.73.

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Pleasssseee helpppppp

Pleasssseee helpppppp

Answers

the third answer. x represents half of any even number. so half of any even number minus seven equals 1.5 is the answer.

A company randomly selected nine office employees and secretly
monitored their computers for one month. The times (in hours) spent
by these employees using their computers for non-job related
activities (playing games, personal communications, etc.) During
this month are given below. 7 12 9 8 11 4 14 16
Assuming that such times for all employees are normally
distributed, a. Find the point estimates of Mean and Standard Deviation.
b. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the corresponding
population mean for all employees of this company.

Answers

The 95% confidence interval for the corresponding population mean for all employees of this company is approximately (6.722, 13.528).

To find the point estimates of the mean and standard deviation, we can use the given data: Data: 7, 12, 9, 8, 11, 4, 14, 16. Mean (Point Estimate): The point estimate of the population mean (μ) is equal to the sample mean (Xbar). We can calculate it by summing up all the values and dividing by the sample size: Mean (Xbar) = (7 + 12 + 9 + 8 + 11 + 4 + 14 + 16) / 8 = 81 / 8 = 10.125. Standard Deviation (Point Estimate): The point estimate of the population standard deviation (σ) is equal to the sample standard deviation (s). We can calculate it using the formula: Standard Deviation (s) = sqrt(sum((xi - Xbar)^2) / (n - 1)), where xi represents each data point, xbar is the sample mean, and n is the sample size. First, we calculate the deviations from the mean for each data point: Deviation = (xi - Xbar). Then, we square each deviation: Squared Deviation = (xi - Xbar)^2. Next, we sum up all the squared deviations: Sum of Squared Deviations = sum((xi - Xbar)^2). Finally, we divide the sum of squared deviations by (n - 1) and take the square root: Standard Deviation (s) = sqrt(Sum of Squared Deviations / (n - 1)).

Calculating the standard deviation for the given data: Squared Deviations: (7-10.125)^2, (12-10.125)^2, (9-10.125)^2, (8-10.125)^2, (11-10.125)^2, (4-10.125)^2, (14-10.125)^2, (16-10.125)^2. Sum of Squared Deviations: 92.625. Standard Deviation (s) = sqrt(92.625 / (8 - 1)) ≈ 3.632. (b) To construct a 95% confidence interval for the corresponding population mean, we can use the formula: Confidence Interval = (Xbar - (Z * (s / sqrt(n))), Xbar + (Z * (s / sqrt(n)))), where Xbar is the sample mean, Z is the critical value corresponding to the desired confidence level (in this case, Z ≈ 1.96 for a 95% confidence level), s is the sample standard deviation, and n is the sample size. Substituting the values into the formula: Confidence Interval = (10.125 - (1.96 * (3.632 / sqrt(8))), 10.125 + (1.96 * (3.632 / sqrt(8)))). Confidence Interval ≈ (6.722, 13.528). Therefore, the 95% confidence interval for the corresponding population mean for all employees of this company is approximately (6.722, 13.528).

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Find the sum of the interior angles of the shape below.

Find the sum of the interior angles of the shape below.

Answers

1080 correct answer
(n-2)180
(8-2)180
6(180)
1080

8. Jose is driving at 30 mph (miles per hour).
Brett is driving at 30 kph (kilometers per hour).
If 1 mile = 1.6 kilometers
a. Who is moving faster?
How much faster give answer in kilometres.

Answers

Answer:

63 mils

Step-by-step explanation:

Find the area of the sector of the circle with radius r and central angle 0 R= 4 in 0= 3.14/4

Answers

The area of the sector of the circle is 12.56 in.²

How to Find the Area of a Sector of a Circle?

Area of a sector of a circle = (θ/2) × r², given that:

r = radius of the circle

∅ = central angle of the sector in radians

Given the following:

Central angle of the sector (∅) = 3.14/4 =

Radius of the circle (r) = 4 in.

π = 3.14

Plug in the values into Area of a sector of a circle:

Area of a sector of a circle = 3.14/4 × 4²

Area of a sector of a circle = 3.14/4 × 16

Area of a sector of a circle = 3.14 × 4

Area of a sector of a circle = 12.56 in.²

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What is the solution to the problem expressed to the correct number of significant figures? 15. 11 (142 × 16. 5) = ? A. 2,358 B. 2,358. 1 C. 2,360 D. 2,400.

Answers

The solution to the problem expressed  2358.

What is the meaning of significant figure?

Significant figure It is defined as the minimum number of digit us needed to express a number in scientific notation.

Therefore we get,

\(15.11+(142\times16.5)\)

First we have to multiply the given digits as per rule.

\(=15.11+2343\)

Now we will add both the digits, we get

\(=2358.11\)

As per given expression, we conclude that the number of significant figure is 4.

So, the answer will be, 2358.

Therefore, the correct option is, 2358.

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if numbers and letters can be repeated, how many different 6-digit license plates can be made if the first two positions are letters and the last four are digits?

Answers

There are  676,000 different 6-digit license plates that can be made if the first two positions are letters and the last four are digits.

For the first position (letter), there are 26 choices

For the second position (letter), there are also 26 choices

For the third position (digit), there are 10 choices (0-9).

For the fourth position (digit), there are 10 choices (0-9).

For the fifth position (digit), there are 10 choices (0-9).

For the sixth position (digit), there are 10 choices (0-9).

So, the total number of possible combinations, we multiply the number of choices for each position:

= 26 x 26 x 10 x 10 x10 x 10

= 676,000

Therefore, there are 676,000 different 6-digit license plates that can be made if the first two positions are letters and the last four are digits.

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<1 and <2 are vertical angles and <2 is
supplementary to <3. If m/1 = (4x + 9)° and
m<2 = (8x - 15)°, find m<3.

Answers

Since <1 and <2 are vertical angles, they are equal, so m<2 = 8x - 15 = 8(6) - 15 = 39°  , Since <2 is supplementary to <3,  m<3 = 180° - 39° m<3 = 141°

What is  vertical angles ?

Vertical angles are angles that are opposite each other when two lines cross. They always have the same measure and are supplementary angles (add up to 180°). Vertical angles are also known as opposite angles or vertically opposite angles. When two lines intersect, four angles are formed. The two pairs of angles opposite each other are known as vertical angles. This is because the lines that they share are vertical to each other, which is why they are also known as vertically opposite angles. Vertical angles can be found in a variety of shapes and figures, including parallelograms, triangles, and quadrilaterals. They can be used to solve many mathematical problems and are an important concept to learn in geometry.

4x + 9 = 8x - 15

4x - 8x = -15 - 9

-4x = -24

x = 6

Therefore, m<2 = 8x - 15 = 8(6) - 15 = 39°

Since <2 is supplementary to <3,

m<3 = 180° - 39°

m<3 = 141°

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what is 6 divided by 2 (1+2)

Pls help meee :)

Answers

6

2(1+2)

equals:
6

2(3)

equals:
6

6

equals: 1

Answer:

its 9

Step-by-step explanation:

6 ÷  2 (1+2)

3x3=9

If a union member does not pay their union dues, they will not be able to

Answers

Answer:


The ¨mandatory dues¨ asked by the unions are not much (practically none), since it´s a voluntary system implemented, normally all the members pay a ¨agency fee¨ but not more than that, this changes depending on the personal involvement with the union.

a natural person can refuse the membership at any moment, without issues, and this way avoid any kind of activity with the union, including contributing with money (dues) or duties.

However, when this happens, the person it´s restricted to certain activities like participate in union elections, general or important meetings, and the contribution in the bargain for the collective elections is banned as well, these as main aspects to highlight.

If one doesn't pay they union dues, they will not be able to participate in collective bargaining with owners.

Only the real representatives of the union could participate in collective bargaining with owner (in which they could negotiate the new term of the salary with the owner). Without paying their dues, they're still haven't been acknowledged as the member of union.



Hope this helps have a great day!

A bakery bakes 4 dozen loaves of bread every 18 hours. Find the unit rate to the nearest hundredth.​

Answers

48 donuts = 18 minutes. 48 / 18 = 2.66 Round it to the nearest hundredth. The answer would be 2.67                            HOPE IT HELPS(◕‿◕✿)                                     SMILE!!

Arik invested $500 in a savings account that earns 6.25% interest compounded monthly. Assuming there are no other deposits or withdrawals, what is the total amount in his account after 4 years?

Answers

The total amount that would be found in the account after 4 years, would be $ 641. 69

How to find the total amount ?

The total amount after 4 years in Arik's account can be found by the formula :

= A = Amount invested x ( 1 + r /n )ⁿ

The variables are:

Amount invested = $ 500

r = 6.25% = 0. 0625

n = 12

t = 4 years

The total amount is then :

A = 500 x ( 1 + 0. 0625 / 12 ) ^ ⁽¹² ˣ ⁴ ⁾

A = $ 641. 69

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What is another expression to show 9/2

Answers

9 over 2, or 9/2 would also be 9 divided by 2

Answer:

9 ÷ 2

Step-by-step explanation:

or draw that small house thing over the 9 an place 2 to the left of it.

BO and OC are the bisector of angle B and angle C of the triangle ABC. Find BOC if BAC = 70 degrees.

For reference please look at the photo above.​

BO and OC are the bisector of angle B and angle C of the triangle ABC. Find BOC if BAC = 70 degrees.For

Answers

Answer:

BOC= 110 degrees

Step-by-step explanation:

you can refer the above explanation

BO and OC are the bisector of angle B and angle C of the triangle ABC. Find BOC if BAC = 70 degrees.For

how do you know if a differential equation is linear

Answers

A differential equation is linear if it is in the form of

\($y^{(n)}+a_{n-1}y^{(n-1)}+…+a_1y′+a_0y=f(t),$\)

where \($a_{0}$\) to \($a_{n-1}$\) are constants.

How do you know if a differential equation is linear?

The general form of a linear differential equation of the nth order is given by the equation below:

\($a_{n}(x) y^{(n)}+a_{n-1}(x) y^{(n-1)}+\cdots+a_{1}(x) y^{\prime}+a_{0}(x) y=f(x)$\)

The only power of y and its derivatives is 1 in the above equation. This implies that the degree of each term is one; thus, they are linear in nature.

Hence, a differential equation is linear if the degree of each term is 1 and the dependent variable y and its derivatives have a power of one only.

Examples of linear differential equations

\($$y'' + 2y' + 5y = 0$$$$y' + y = e^{-t}$$$$y'' + 3ty' + 5y = t$$\)

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Show the family of conics with the same focus
x^2/a^2+C + y^2/b^2+C = 1
is its own orthogonal family of curves.

Answers

The original equation and the orthogonal equation are the same, we can conclude that the family of conics with the same focus x^2/a^2+C + y^2/b^2+C = 1 is its own orthogonal family of curves.

To show that the family of conics with the same focus x^2/a^2+C + y^2/b^2+C = 1 is its own orthogonal family of curves, we need to take the derivative of the equation and set it equal to -1/b^2, the slope of the orthogonal line.

First, we take the derivative of the equation with respect to x:

2x/a^2 = -2y/b^2 * dy/dx

Simplifying, we get:

dy/dx = -b^2*x/a^2*y

Now, we set this equal to -1/b^2:

-b^2*x/a^2*y = -1/b^2

Cross-multiplying and simplifying, we get:

x/a^2*y = 1/b^2

Finally, we can rearrange this equation to get:

y = b^2*x/a^2

This equation represents the orthogonal family of curves to the original family of conics. Since the original equation and the orthogonal equation are the same, we can conclude that the family of conics with the same focus x^2/a^2+C + y^2/b^2+C = 1 is its own orthogonal family of curves.

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Lu can type 140 words in 5 minutes, and Ray can type 140 words in 4 minutes.

Answers

Answer:

mi no inglés no te podré contestar perdon

Answer:

(Hi!!) I do not know what you need in this Problem but first of all, if your looking for who typed the fastest it was Ray.

Determine the ultimate load for a 450 mm diameter
spiral column with 9- 25 mm bars. Use 2015 NSCP. f'c = 28 MPa, fy =
415 MPa. Lu = 3.00 m

Answers

The ultimate load of a spiral column with a diameter of 450 mm and 9-25 mm bars is 26,425.68 kN, using 2015 NSCP.

A spiral column is a type of reinforced concrete column.

Reinforcement is typically in the form of longitudinal bars and lateral ties that wrap around the longitudinal bars.

Here, we will determine the ultimate load for a 450 mm diameter spiral column with 9- 25 mm bars.

Use 2015 NSCP.

f'c = 28 MPa,

fy = 415 MPa.

Lu = 3.00 m.

The ultimate load of a spiral column with a diameter of 450 mm and 9-25 mm bars is given below:

First, let's figure out the required properties:

Nominal axial load = PuArea of steel  

= (π/4) x (25)² x 9

= 14,014.16 mm^2

Effective length = Lu/r

= 3,000/225

= 13.33 (assumed)

Effective length factor = K = 0.65

Unbraced length = K x Lu

= 0.65 x 3,000

= 1,950 mm

The least radius of gyration, r = √(I/A)

Assuming a solid cross-section, I = π/4 (diameter)⁴

The least radius of gyration r = 225 mm

Using Section 5.3.1 of the 2015 NSCP, the capacity reduction factor is 0.85, while the resistance factor is 0.9.

Capacity reduction factor (phi) = 0.85

Resistance factor (rho) = 0.9

Spiral reinforcement with a bar diameter of 25 mm and a pitch of 150 mm can be used to analyze spiral columns with diameters ranging from 450 mm to 1200 mm.

The maximum permissible axial load, in this case, is given by:

N = 0.85 x 0.9 x (0.8 x f'c x Ag + 0.9 x fy x As)

The area of concrete, Ag = (π/4) x (450)²

= 159,154.94 mm²

The maximum axial load is: N = 0.85 x 0.9 x (0.8 x 28 x 159,154.94 + 0.9 x 415 x 14,014.16)

= 26,425.68 kN

Therefore, the ultimate load of a spiral column with a diameter of 450 mm and 9-25 mm bars is 26,425.68 kN, using 2015 NSCP.

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Answer the following:
21. Are the following equations parallel, perpendicular or neither?
-3x + y = -4
x + 3y = 6

Answers

Answer:

As the product of the slop of both lines is -1.

\(m_1\times m_2=-1\)\(3\times \frac{-1}{3}=-1\)

Therefore, the given equations are perpendicular.

Step-by-step explanation:

Given the equations

\(-3x+y=-4\)

\(x+3y=6\)

The slope-intercept form of the equation is

\(y=mx+b\)

where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.

Writing both equations in the slope-intercept form

\(-3x+y=-4\)

\(y=3x-4\)

So by comparing with the slope-intercept form we can observe that

slope of equation = 3

i.e.

\(m_1=3\)

also

\(x + 3y = 6\)

\(3y\:=\:6-x\)

\(y=-\frac{1}{3}x+2\)

So by comparing with the slope-intercept form we can observe that

the slope of equation = -1/3

i.e.

\(m_2=-\frac{1}{3}\)

as

The slope of the perpendicular line is basically the negative reciprocal of the slope of the line.

so

The slope \(m_2\) is the negative reciprocal of the slope \(\:m_1\)

Also, the product of two perpendicular lines is -1.

i.e.

\(m_1\times m_2=-1\)

VERIFICATION:

It is clear that the product of the slop of both lines is -1.

\(m_1\times m_2=-1\)

\(3\times \frac{-1}{3}=-1\)

Therefore, the given equations are perpendicular.

Write a system of equations to describe the situation below, solve using any method, and fill in the blanks.

Will and his good buddy Owen are both mechanics at a shop that does oil changes. They are in a friendly competition to see who can complete the most oil changes in one day. Will has already finished 4 oil changes today, and can complete more at a rate of 2 oil changes per hour. Owen just came on shift, and can finish 3 oil changes every hour. Sometime during the day, the friends will be tied, with the same number of oil changes completed. How many oil changes will Will and Owen each have done? How long will that take?

Answers

The number of oil changes that Will and Owen would each have done is 6 oil changes respectively.

The number of hours it would take both Will and Owen is equal to 4 hours.

How to write a system of equations?

In order to write a system of equations to describe this situation, we would assign variables to the number of hours per oil change and number of oil changes respectively, and then translate the word problem into algebraic equation as follows:

Let the variable x represent the number of hours.Let the variable y represent the number of oil changes.

Since Will has already finished 4 oil changes today, and can complete more at a rate of 2 oil changes per hour, we have;

y = 2x + 4     .....equation 1.

Since Owen just came on shift, and can finish 3 oil changes every hour, we have;

y = 3x     .....equation 2.

Next, we would determine the number of hours per oil changes they both would have each completed by equating equation 1 and equation 2 as follows;

3x = 2x + 4

3x - 2x = 4

x = 4 hours.

For the number of oil changes for Will, we have;

y = 2(4) + 4

y = 12 oil changes.

For the number of oil changes for Owen, we have;

y = 3(4)

y = 12 oil changes.

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Write a system of equations to describe the situation below, solve using any method, and fill in the

The median set is 18 what is the missing number

Answers

The missing number in the median set is 6.

We are given that;

Median set=18

Now,

To find the missing number, you need to know the number of elements in the set and their order. The median is the middle value of a set when it is arranged in ascending or descending order. If the set has an odd number of elements, the median is the exact middle value. If the set has an even number of elements, the median is the average of the middle two values.

For example, if the set is {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, the median is 6 because it is the middle value. If the set is {3, 5, 7, 9}, the median is (5 + 7) / 2 = 6 because it is the average of the middle two values.

Therefore, by median the answer will be 6.

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A real estate broker earns a fixed percentage of the selling price of a house as a commission. The broker sold a house for $ 278,000 and earned a commission of $ 16,680. What would the broker's commission be on a house that sells for $ 324,000?

Answers

first, we find the percentage of the commission earned:

$278,000 ----> 100%

$16,680 ------> x

then solve

\(\begin{gathered} 278000\cdot x=16680\cdot100 \\ 278000x=1668000 \\ \frac{278000x}{278000}=\frac{1668000}{278000} \\ x=6 \end{gathered}\)

therefore the commission is 6%. So,

$324,000 ------> 100%

y -------------------> 6%

\(\begin{gathered} y\cdot100=324000\cdot6 \\ 100y=1944000 \\ \frac{100y}{100}=\frac{1944000}{100} \\ y=19440 \end{gathered}\)

answer: $ 19,440

A diffused silicon p-n junction has a linearly graded junction on the p-side with a = 3 x 1019/cm4 and uniform doping of 5 x 1014/cm3 on the n-side. If the depletion layer width on the p-side is 0. 6 μm at zero bias, find the total depletion layer width, built-in potential and maximum field at zero bias

Answers

The total depletion layer width is 0.982 μm, the built-in potential is 0.84 V, and the maximum field at zero bias is 3.72 x 105 V/cm.

In a diffused silicon p-n junction, the p-side has a linearly graded junction with a doping concentration profile given by a = 3 x 1019/cm4, while the n-side has a uniform doping concentration of 5 x 1014/cm3. The depletion layer width on the p-side at zero bias is given as 0.6 μm.

To find the total depletion layer width, we need to first find the doping concentration at the junction on the p-side. We can do this using the relation:

\(Na2 = Ndp2 + 2εφbi/q(a2 - 2/3 a3)\)

Where Na is the acceptor concentration, Ndp is the donor concentration on the p-side, φbi is the built-in potential, q is the electronic charge, a2 and a3 are the second and third terms of the dopant concentration expansion, and ε is the permittivity of the material.

Using the given values, we can find the acceptor concentration on the p-side to be Na = 1.35 x 1017/cm3. Then, we can find the depletion layer width on the n-side using the relation:

\(Wn = sqrt((2εφbi/ q)(Na/Nd - 1))\)

where Nd is the doping concentration on the n-side. Since the n-side has a uniform doping concentration, we can use the given value of 5 x 1014/cm3 to find Wn = 0.382 μm.

The total depletion layer width is then the sum of the depletion layer widths on both sides, i.e., W = Wp + Wn = 0.6 + 0.382 = 0.982 μm.

To find the built-in potential, we can use the relation:

\(φbi = kT/q ln(NaNd/ni2)\)

where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature, and ni is the intrinsic carrier concentration. Using the given values and assuming room temperature, we can find φbi to be 0.84 V.

The maximum electric field occurs at the junction and can be found using the relation:

\(Emax = sqrt(2qNaεφbi) / W\)

Using the given values, we can find Emax to be 3.72 x 105 V/cm.

For more such questions on junction diode

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