How many electrons are gained in the half-reaction 02, + electrons — 202-​

In the solid matter , atoms or the molecules are in the definite shape and the fixed volume.

In the solid state of the matter the particles are very close to each other. There is a very tiny gap between the particle, they are very tough to compress. The force of the attraction between the particles are very strong. The rate of diffusion in the solid matter is very low. The examples of the soli matter is sugar , wood, rock, solid ice.

Thus, in the solid state of the matter the molecules or the atoms have the fixed volume and have definite shape.

This question is incomplete , the complete question is :

In solid matter, atoms or molecules are in ----------- shape and --------  volume.

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From 3.85 moles of propane, 11.55 moles of carbon dioxide and 15.40 moles of water are formed.

From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of propane (C3H8) that reacts, 3 moles of carbon dioxide (CO2) and 4 moles of water (H2O) are formed.

Given that we have 3.85 moles of propane, we can calculate the moles of carbon dioxide and water produced using the mole ratios:

Moles of CO2 = 3.85 mol propane × (3 mol CO2 / 1 mol propane) = 11.55 mol CO2

Moles of H2O = 3.85 mol propane × (4 mol H2O / 1 mol propane) = 15.40 mol H2O

Therefore, from 3.85 moles of propane, 11.55 moles of carbon dioxide and 15.40 moles of water are formed.

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At neutral pH, both H-indictor and OH-indicator will co-exist in an equilibrium, so the color will be a mixture of the two.

Acid base indicators are generally weak protolytes that change color in solution according to the pH.

The acid-base equilibrium of a weak acid type of indicator, i.e., H-indicator in water can be expressed as-

            HI + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + I⁻

The acid, HI, and conjugate base, I⁻, have different colors. The equilibrium expression for this process is

             K = [I⁻] [H₃O⁺]

                         [HI]

This can be expressed in logarithmic form :

            pH = pK + log [I⁻]

                                    [HI]

Now, from the equation it can be predicted whether the indicator is in its acid or base form depending on the pH.

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The circulation of wind in the atmosphere is driven by the rotation of the earth and the incoming energy from the sun. Wind circulates in each hemisphere in three distinct cells which help transport energy and heat from the equator to the poles. The winds are driven by the energy from the sun at the surface as warm air rises and colder air sinks.

Answer: The circulation of wind in the atmosphere is driven by the rotation of the earth and the incoming energy from the sun. Wind circulates in each hemisphere in three distinct cells which help transport energy and heat from the equator to the poles.

Explanation:

Answer:

9. b

10. a

Density would have to do with if the powder is floating or sinking, conductivity would have to do with heat and mass would have to do with weight, leaving solubility as the only reasonable answer.

Free radicals are atoms or molecules that have at least one unpaired electron and causes instability and destabilization.

These are molecules which have at least one unpaired electron thereby making them highly chemical reactive.

This results in it causing instability in substances such as food hence the reason why it eventually becomes rancid.

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Democritus and John Dalton both made significant contributions to the understanding of atoms, despite living in different time periods.

Here are some ideas about atoms that they had in common:

Indivisibility: Both Democritus and Dalton believed that atoms were indivisible and could not be further divided into smaller particles. They considered atoms as the fundamental building blocks of matter.

Conservation of Mass: Both scientists recognized the concept of the conservation of mass. They believed that atoms were indestructible and that during chemical reactions, atoms rearranged or combined with other atoms, but their total mass remained constant.

Law of Multiple Proportions: Democritus and Dalton both observed that elements can combine in different ratios to form compounds. They proposed the concept of the law of multiple proportions, which states that when two elements combine to form multiple compounds, the ratios of the masses of one element to a fixed mass of the other element are simple whole numbers.

Homogeneous Nature of Atoms: Both scientists believed that all atoms of the same element were identical in terms of their properties, such as mass and chemical behavior. They considered atoms of different elements to have distinct properties.

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Answer:

86.06 amu is the average atomic mass of element Zz.

Explanation:

We may find the average atomic mass of Zz with a simple thought experiment.  Let's imagine that we were given 100.0 grams of Zz.  We know that 87.20% of that 100.0 grams is an isotope having 85.96 AMU (atomic mass units).  That means the other 12.80% must be the isotope with 86.78 AMU.

Since we picked 100.0 grams, it is easy to see that we would have:

87.2 grams of 85.96 AMU, and

12.8 grams of  86.78 AMU

-----------

100.0 grams total

The contribution of each isotope can be calculated by taking it's percent abundance times it's AMU andf then adding the total results:

AMU        %       Contribution to total AMU

85.96      87.2       74.96

86.78       12.8        11.11

--------      ---------      -----------

               100.0      86.06 amu

The sum of the two weighted averaged amu numbers is the average atomic mass of element Zz.  [Element Zz has a good futire as a sleep aid.]

The oxidation number is often referred to as the oxidation state.

The number of electron/electrons which completely transferred and induced charged on an atom is called oxidation state of an atom. It is also describe as the number that is allocated to elements in a chemical combination. The number of electron that atoms in a molecule can share while forming chemical bonds with other atoms of a different elements. The oxidation number of the monoatomic (composed by atom) ion is the same as the charge of the ion.

The primary distinction between oxidation number versus oxidation state would be that the former refers to the charge that would be placed on the central atom of a coordination complex if every one of the connections around it were ionic bonds, while the latter relates to the number of electrons that an atom could either receive, lose, or share with some other atom.

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The first two chemical equations are reversible while the other two are irreversible.

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .

The first chemical equation was put forth by Jean Beguin in 1615.By making use of chemical equations the direction of reaction ,state of reactants and products can be stated. In the chemical equations even the temperature to be maintained and catalyst can be mentioned.

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Answer:

option c

Explanation:

as catalyst increases the reaction while activation energy is inversely proportional to rate of reaction, so option c is correct

The purpose of a catalyst to lower the activation energy of a reaction.

A type of chemical that, without becoming consumed by the process, speeding a chemical reaction or reduce the temperature as well as the pressure required to initiate one. The addition of a catalyst to speed up a reaction is known as catalysis.

The bare minimum additional energy needed by a reactive molecule to transform into a product is considered as activation energy.

The purpose of a catalyst is to lower the activation energy of a reaction.

Therefore, the correct answer will be an option (C).

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Answer:

Understanding bonding is important for understanding molecules because a molecule cannot exist without the bond between atoms.

Explanation:

The chemical formula for the compound formed between lithium and sulfur is Li2S.

What is a chemical formula?

A chemical formula is a symbolic representation of a molecule that specifies the number and type of atoms within a molecule.

It depicts the proportion of each element in the molecule.

A chemical formula shows how many atoms of each element are present in a compound.

The chemical formula is a convenient method to communicate the identity of a molecule.

Lithium is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3, and sulfur is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16.

These two elements react to form lithium sulfide.

Lithium and sulfur react to form a compound.

Two atoms of lithium and one atom of sulfur react to form one molecule of Li2S.

Therefore, the chemical formula for the compound formed between lithium and sulfur is Li2S.

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Natural cements that hold clasts together precipitate in the empty pore spaces after compaction due to the combined effects of;

Pressure, temperature, chemical composition, and length of exposure to groundwater. The most common cements are calcite, quartz, clay, and iron oxide.

The natural cements that hold clasts together precipitate in the empty pore spaces after compaction come from the groundwater that has traveled through the sediment.

The groundwater carries dissolved ions of calcium, silica, and other elements.

As the pore spaces are compressed, the pressure on the water within them increases, causing the dissolved ions to come out of solution as solid minerals or precipitates.

These cements act to bind the sediment particles together and are commonly composed of calcite, quartz, clay, and iron oxide.

Compaction of the sediment is one of the major factors controlling cementation. As the sediment is buried deeper and pressure increases, the pore spaces are squeezed shut, forcing the fluids out of them.

Once the water is squeezed out, the dissolved ions can come out of solution and cement the sediment together.

Temperature is another factor that influences the rate of cementation. The warmer the temperature, the faster the reactions occur, so cementation can be accelerated at higher temperatures.

In addition to temperature and pressure, the chemical composition of the groundwater also affects cementation.

The concentration of ions in the water determines what cements are formed, as the most soluble ions will be precipitated first.

For example, calcium ions in groundwater will be the first to precipitate, forming calcite cement.

Finally, the length of time during which the sediment is exposed to the groundwater can also influence cementation. The longer the sediment is exposed to the water, the more time it has to react and form cement.

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Answer:

steel

Explanation:

Answer:

B. STEEL

Explanation:

The number of moles of HCl would take to neutralize the sodium hydroxide produced is equal to 0.0152 moles.

A neutralization reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which an acid and base react with each other to prepare salt and water.

When HCl reacts with NaOH and the resulting salt is sodium chloride and water.

HCl    +  NaOH  →    NaCl   +   H₂O

The chemical reaction, chemical reaction of sodium metal and water gives hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide:

\(2Na +2H_{2} O---- > 2NaOH +H_{2}\)

Given the amount of sodium metal = 0.35 g

The moles of sodium metal = 0.35/23 = 0.0152 moles

If the 2 moles of sodium produce sodium hydroxide = 2 mol

The 0.0152 moles of sodium will produce NaOH = 0.0152

Therefore, 0.0152 moles of HCl is required to neutralize 0.0152 moles of NaOH.

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(a) The pH after adding 10 mL of 0.10 M NaOH to 25 mL of 0.10 M acetic acid is approximately 4.74.

(b) The pH after adding 25 mL of 0.10 M NaOH to 25 mL of 0.10 M acetic acid is approximately 8.84.

(c) The pH after adding 35 mL of 0.10 M NaOH to 25 mL of 0.10 M acetic acid is approximately 12.04.

Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid that partially dissociates in water to form acetate ions (CH3COO-) and hydrogen ions (H+). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base that dissociates completely in water to form sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).

In the titration process, sodium hydroxide reacts with acetic acid in a 1:1 ratio according to the balanced chemical equation:

CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O

Initially, we have 25 mL of 0.10 M acetic acid, which corresponds to 0.025 moles of acetic acid. The addition of NaOH will neutralize a certain amount of acetic acid, forming the acetate ion and water.

(a) After adding 10 mL of 0.10 M NaOH, the moles of NaOH added are 0.010 moles. Since acetic acid and NaOH react in a 1:1 ratio, this means 0.010 moles of acetic acid are neutralized. The remaining moles of acetic acid are 0.025 - 0.010 = 0.015 moles. To calculate the concentration of the remaining acetic acid, we divide the moles by the total volume of the solution (25 mL + 10 mL = 35 mL = 0.035 L). The concentration is 0.015 moles / 0.035 L = 0.428 M. Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for a weak acid:

pH = pKa + log ([A-]/[HA])

The pKa of acetic acid is approximately 4.74. Substituting the values, we get:

pH = 4.74 + log (0.428/0.428) = 4.74

(b) After adding 25 mL of 0.10 M NaOH, the moles of NaOH added are 0.025 moles. Again, this will neutralize the same amount of acetic acid. The remaining moles of acetic acid are 0.025 - 0.025 = 0 moles. The concentration of the remaining acetic acid is 0 moles / 0.050 L = 0 M. Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log ([A-]/[HA])

Since the concentration of acetic acid is 0, [A-]/[HA] = 0, and the logarithm of 0 is undefined. However, when a weak acid is completely neutralized by a strong base, the resulting solution will be basic. In this case, the pH is approximately 14, indicating a strong alkaline solution.

(c) After adding 35 mL of 0.10 M NaOH, the moles of NaOH added are 0.035 moles. Similar to the previous case, this neutralizes the same amount of acetic acid, resulting in 0 moles of acetic acid remaining. The concentration of the remaining acetic acid is 0 moles / 0.060 L = 0 M. Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log ([A-]/[HA])

Again, since the concentration of acetic acid is 0, [A-]/[HA] = 0, and the logarithm of 0 is undefined. The pH of the resulting solution, in this case, is approximately 14, indicating a strong alkaline solution.

In the titration of 25 mL of 0.10 M acetic acid by sodium hydroxide, the pH changes depending on the amount of NaOH added. Initially, the acetic acid is in a weakly acidic solution with a pH around 4.74. As NaOH is added, the pH increases. After adding 25 mL of NaOH, the solution becomes strongly basic with a pH close to 14. Further addition of NaOH does not affect the pH significantly since the acetic acid is completely neutralized, resulting in a strongly alkaline solution

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You can determine which is which by weighting them

Copper usually weighs heavier than iron, so if you weigh them both on the scale, the heavier one would be the copper cube

Hope this helped!

Answer:

x=676

Explanation:

Answer:

x = 676

Explanation:

13*4 = 52

8*78 = 624

624 + 52 = 676

Answer:

Atoms, and chemical make up

Explanation:

Our bodies and any other terrestrial body are formed with atoms, those same atoms from a chemical make-up that creates items, such as water with 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom is formed. In essence, we all are about atoms and chemical makeup is the instruction on how to build us

The molar mass of the gas at 125°C is approximately 43.4 g/mol. Therefore, the correct answer is not listed as an option.

We need to use the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, to solve for the number of moles of gas present:

n = (PV) / RT

At STP, P = 1 atm and T = 273 K, so:

n = (1 atm * 10.0 L) / (0.0821 L atm/mol K * 273 K) = 0.412 mol

Now, we can use the formula for molar mass, M = m / n, where m is the mass of the gas:

M = 17.90 g / 0.412 mol = 43.4 g/mol

So the molar mass of the gas at 125°C is approximately 43.4 g/mol

Therefore, the correct answer is not listed as an option.

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Answer: d

Explanation:

Answer c

Explanation: hope it helps

The NaOH extraction step would remove some acidic components, while the NaHCO3 extraction step may have limited effect if the significant acidic components have already been neutralized.

If you mistakenly extract a solution first with NaOH (aq) and then with NaHCO3 (aq), you would observe the following results:

NaOH Extraction:

When NaOH (aq) is added to the solution, it will react with acidic components present in the solution, such as carboxylic acids, phenols, or acidic functional groups. This reaction results in the formation of water-soluble salts or compounds, which will dissolve in the aqueous NaOH solution. As a result, the acidic components will be removed from the solution.

NaHCO3 Extraction:

When NaHCO3 (aq) is added to the remaining solution from the previous step, it will react with acidic components that were not neutralized by NaOH. NaHCO3 is a weaker base compared to NaOH and is primarily used to extract acidic compounds such as phenols and carboxylic acids. These acidic components will react with NaHCO3 to form water-soluble salts, which will dissolve in the aqueous NaHCO3 solution.

However, if NaOH is mistakenly used first, it is possible that some acidic components in the solution may have already reacted and been removed in the previous step. Therefore, the NaHCO3 extraction step may not yield significant additional changes or observable results.The results of mistakenly extracting the solution first with NaOH (aq) and then with NaHCO3 (aq) would depend on the nature and concentration of the acidic components present in the solution.

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Solubility of O2 in water will be 0.0234 mol/L when the partial pressure of O2 is one-fourth of the original pressure.

Solubility of O2 in water is proportional to partial pressure of O2 in the atmosphere above water. This relationship is described by Henry's law, which states that solubility of a gas in liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of gas above the liquid.

If partial pressure of O2 is reduced to one-fourth of the original pressure (0.45 atm), then solubility of O2 in water will also be reduced to one-fourth of its original value.

So, Solubility = 5.85 x 10-4 m * (0.45 atm / (0.45 atm / 4)) = 5.85 x 10-4 m * 4 = 0.0234 m = 0.0234 mol/L

So, the solubility of O2 in water will be 0.0234 mol/L when the partial pressure of O2 is one-fourth of the original pressure.

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Answer: hehe its kirishima here and the various types of fossil fuels are energy provision coal, oil and natural gas. Coal is a solid fossil fuel formed over millions of years by decay of land vegetation.

haha hope this helped

-yours truly red riot

b. Ethylene is symmetrical; all bond dipole moments cancel out.

In ethylene (C₂H₄), the molecule is symmetrical with a linear structure. Each carbon atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and shares a double bond with the other carbon atom. The electronegativity of carbon and hydrogen is similar, resulting in an equal sharing of electrons in the bonds. As a result, the bond dipole moments in ethylene are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. The dipole moments cancel each other out, resulting in a net dipole moment of zero for the entire molecule.

In propene (C₃H₆), there is an additional methyl (CH₃) group attached to one of the carbon atoms. The methyl group has a slight electron-donating effect due to the presence of the carbon-hydrogen bonds. This creates a small imbalance in electron distribution within the molecule, resulting in a slight dipole moment. The dipole moment in propene is approximately 0.3 D, indicating a small separation of charges due to the presence of the methyl group.

Therefore, option b is correct as it explains that the zero dipole moment in ethylene is due to its symmetrical structure, while the small dipole moment in propene arises from the electron-donating ability of the methyl group.

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The complete question is:

Select all the statements that correctly explain why ethylene has a zero dipole moment, whereas propene has a small dipole moment of 0.3 d.

a. small dipole moment in propene arises from electron-donating ability of methyl group

b. ethylene is symmetrical; all bond dipole moments cancel out

c. small dipole moment in propene arises from electron-withdrawing ability of methyl group

Interstellar bubbles of hot, ionized gas are made by the energy and radiation released from massive stars, which can ionize the surrounding gas and create a region of hot, low-density plasma.

Massive stars emit intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation that can ionize the gas around them. When the gas is ionized, the electrons are stripped away from the atomic nuclei, creating a plasma of positively charged ions and free electrons. This plasma can reach temperatures of millions of degrees Celsius, causing it to expand and create a low-density region of hot gas.

As the hot, ionized gas expands, it can create a shock wave that compresses the surrounding gas, creating a dense shell around the bubble. The shock wave can also trigger the formation of new stars by compressing the gas and causing it to collapse under gravity.

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0.45 mol of a material is larger than 2.75 x 10% of the same material.

In order to determine which quantity is larger, we need to compare the two values provided.

0.45 mol is a measure of the amount of substance, specifically the number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) in a given sample. It represents a relatively large amount of the material.

On the other hand, 2.75 x 10% (or 0.275) represents a fraction of the same material. This value is obtained by multiplying the material's total quantity by 10% (or 0.1) and then by 2.75. So, it corresponds to a smaller fraction of the whole.

Comparing these two quantities, we can conclude that 0.45 mol is larger than 0.275 of the same material. The mol unit represents a greater quantity than a fraction of a material, even if the fraction is multiplied by a factor.

Therefore, based on the comparison of the two values provided, 0.45 mol of the material is larger than 2.75 x 10% of the same material.

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