Part (a) What is sustainability? Name a few factors or forces that can lead to unsustainable market outcomes. Explain your answer with appropriate examples.
Part (b) Why do you think strong property right is vital for efficient market operation? What are the different regimes arising from various level of property right provisions? In the light of your answer so far, explain in the concept of 'tragedy of the commons' with an appropriate example
(USE GRAPHS WHERE EVER POSSIBLE)
Answers
Part (a) Sustainability refers to the capacity to maintain or endure a particular system or process over the long term, ensuring that its resources and practices are utilized in a way that does not compromise the needs of future generations.
Part (b) Strong property rights are vital for efficient market operation as they provide incentives for individuals to invest, innovate, and make efficient use of resources. Property rights ensure that individuals have legal ownership over their assets, allowing them to reap the benefits of their investments and efforts.
(a) Several factors or forces can lead to unsustainable market outcomes:
1. Overconsumption: When resources are exploited at a rate faster than they can be replenished, it leads to overconsumption. For example, excessive fishing can deplete fish stocks, jeopardizing the livelihoods of fishermen and the ocean ecosystem.
2. Pollution and Environmental Degradation: Unsustainable practices can result in pollution and degradation of natural resources. For instance, excessive carbon emissions from industries contribute to climate change, impacting ecosystems, agriculture, and human health.
3. Lack of Regulation: Inadequate or lax regulations can enable unsustainable practices. For instance, weak regulations on deforestation can lead to widespread destruction of forests, causing loss of biodiversity and exacerbating climate change.
4. Social Inequity: When market outcomes disproportionately benefit a few at the expense of others, it can lead to social inequity. This imbalance can hinder long-term sustainability as marginalized communities may lack access to basic resources and opportunities.
(b) Different regimes arise based on the level of property right provisions:
1. Weak or Insecure Property Rights: In this regime, property rights are poorly defined, enforced, or protected. This lack of security discourages investment and stifles economic growth. It can lead to corruption, disputes, and underutilization of resources.
2. Moderate Property Rights: In this regime, property rights are relatively well-defined and enforced, providing a certain level of security. However, some limitations or uncertainties may still exist, limiting the potential for efficient resource allocation and innovation.
3. Strong Property Rights: This regime ensures clear, well-defined, and strongly enforced property rights. It provides individuals and businesses with a high degree of security, facilitating investment, trade, and economic growth. Strong property rights incentivize responsible resource management and encourage long-term planning.
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Related Questions
What kind of skill is persuasion?
soft skill
hard skill
neutral skill
high skill
Answers
Answer:
Persuasion is convincing others to change their point of view, agree to a commitment, purchase a product or service, or take a course of action. Oral and written persuasive skills are valued in the workplace. Sales is the most obvious form of persuasion, but this skill is used in many other positions as well.
Explanation:
a small network is bigger than a large network.
Answers
Answer:
false
Explanation:
From a business standpoint, I can say that this statement is false. A larger network is bigger and more efficient because it generates more leads and opens more opportunities. By having a larger network you connect with individual's who are know others that may not be in your network and may be strategically positioned to provide you with information, help or even opportunities that you would not have had if your network was small.
Wilson manufacturing relies on an extensive __________ system, where its employees share information between departments. for example, departments such as human resources can share payroll information with employees. persons outside the firm do not have access to this network.
Answers
Answer:
Wilson manufacturing relies on an extensive Intranet system, where its employees share information between departments. for example, departments such as human resources can share payroll information with employees. persons outside the firm do not have access to this network.
all of the following are normally found in a corporation's stockholders' equity section except a. excess of issue price over par b. common stock c. retained earnings d. dividends in arrears
Answers
Your query has "d. dividends in arrears" as the response. All of the other options—excess of issue price over par, common stock, and retained earnings—are commonly found in a corporation's stockholders' equity section.
Dividends in arrears refer to dividends that have been declared by the company's board of directors but have not yet been paid to shareholders. This is typically reported as a liability on the company's balance sheet rather than as part of stockholders' equity.
The stockholders' equity section typically includes:
a. Excess of issue price over par: This is the amount received from issuing stock that is above the par value of the stock.
b. Common stock: This represents the ownership interest of the shareholders in the corporation.
c. Retained earnings: These are the cumulative net earnings of the corporation that have not been distributed as dividends to the stockholders.
Dividends in arrears are not included in the stockholders' equity section because they represent unpaid dividends on cumulative preferred stock. These unpaid amounts are a liability for the corporation and are typically reported in the liabilities section of the balance sheet.
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investment professional bill winters received the latest long-term total return data for different asset classes. he sees that common stocks returned 8% compounded with a standard deviation of 19.0; t-bills had a 1.25% return with a standard deviation of 3.4. what is the expected return of a portfolio of 60% stocks and 40% t-bills?
Answers
This right calculation is: (.6 × 8%) + (.4 × 1.25%) = 5.3%
In statistics, the standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values.
What a fashionable deviation means?A trendy deviation (or σ) is a measure of how dispersed the statistics is in relation to the mean. Low preferred deviation potential information are clustered around the mean, and excessive wellknown deviation suggests information are greater unfold out.
What is widespread deviation used for?Standard deviation tells you how spread out the facts is. It is a measure of how some distance each observed value is from the mean. In any distribution, about 95% of values will be inside 2 trendy deviations of the mean.
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https://brainly.com/question/475676#SPJ4After a good falls in price, consumers will tend to buy more of the good that has become cheaper and less of those goods that are now relatively more expensive. this fact is called part 2
Answers
The substitution Effect will occur during this condition.
Substitution Effet will occur during this time. As the goods become cheaper that consumers will move toward those goods which were expensive before the fall.
But after this fall those are cheap now, the consumer would like to move to those goods are comparatively more branded and cheap as compare to those which he was buying before.
In the fall, goods with high prices move down. Consumer behaves as rationally by substituting products that are not of good quality and are expensive now after the fall as compared to those which are good and reliable and cheap.
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ayuda pleacer pleacer para hoyyyy
Answers
Answer:
Coati o Mapache mexicano
Tecolote
Lobo mexicano
Vaquita marina
Perrito de la pradera mexicano (Cynomys mexicanus)
Amazona o lobo de cabeza amarilla
Ajolote
Tortuga marina
Ocelote
Quetzal
PLANTAS:
Nochebuena
Cempasúchil
Zapatilla de Venus
Magnolia pacífica
Peyote
Peyotillo
Nopal Cardon
Dalia
Agave
Biznaga
Espero haberte ayudado :)
QUESTION 1 of 10: According to the reading, this is the first step in market research:
a) Gathering information
b) Define the question
O c) Take action
O d) Evaluate results
Answers
Answer:
b) Define the question
Explanation:
The following are the steps of the market research:
1. Problem identification: It involves the problem for solving, obejectives of the problem, and the questions related to research
2. Creation of the research plan: It includes The information i.e. required, methods of research, the parties that are responsible
3. Research conducting: It includes The review of the secondary data, the collection of the primary data, and the methods and techniques applied
4. Analyze and report the findings: It includes Analyzing the data, results interpretation, and report & suggestions
5. Actions taken: It includes the Planning, evaluation, and execution
Therefore the option B is correct
What does a good credit history do for consumers?
A. It helps them reduce their housing costs.
B. It allows them to get debit cards,
C. It makes it easier for them to get loans.
D. It keeps prices low.
SUBMIT
Answers
Answer:
C. It makes it easier for them to get loans.
Explanation:
Credit history shows how reliable a borrower is in repaying loans. A good credit history indicates that a person pays their debts on time. A customer with a good credit history manages their income and debts properly and is considered a low-risk borrower.
Lenders are always willing to offer credit facilities to customers with a good credit history. They view them as less likely to default on their debts.
Shays’ rebellion reflected which of the following tensions in united states society during the 1780s?
a. Conflict between Loyalist supporters of Great Britain and United States citizens
b. Concerns about increasing numbers of slaves in Massachusetts
c. Economic frustration of New England farmers who had trouble paying debts in hard currency
d. State governments’ restrictions on westward expansion into the Ohio River Valley
Answers
The Shays' rebellion reflected (C) Economic frustration of New England farmers who had trouble paying debts in hard currency. The Shays' rebellion mostly took place in United States during the 1780s.
Shays' Rebellion generally can be defined as an armed uprising in Worcester and Western Massachusetts in opposition to the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades.
The Shays' rebellion was also in response to a debt crisis among the citizenry. The fight was led by Daniel Shays and took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787.
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The class trip is going to cost each of the fifty
students $130.00. If tax is 5%, what is the total
cost for the entire class?
Answers
Answer:
$6,825.00
Explanation:
50x$130=$6,500.00
$6,500 × 5% = $325.00
$325.+$6,500=6,825.00
A firm has issued cumulative preferred stock with a $100 par value and a 10 percent annual dividend. For the past three years, the board of directors has decided not to pay a dividend. At the end of the current year, the preferred stockholders must be paid ________ prior to paying the common stockholders.
Answers
Answer:
$30/share
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the amount the preferred stockholders must be paid
First step is to calculate per year dividend using this formula
Per year dividend = Stock value × Dividend payment rate
Let plug in the formula
Per year dividend = $100 × 10%
Per year dividend = $10
Second step is to calculate the Total unpaid dividend using this formula
Total unpaid dividend for 2 years = Per year dividend × 2 year
Let plug in the formula
Total unpaid dividend for 2 years = $10× 2years
Total unpaid dividend for 2 years = $20
Now let calculate the Cumulative Preferred Dividend
Using this formula
Cumulative Preferred Dividend = Current Year Dividend + Total unpaid dividend for 2 years
Let plug in the formula
Cumulative Preferred Dividend = $10 + $20
Cumulative Preferred Dividend = $30
Therefore At the end of the current year, the preferred stockholders must be paid $30/share prior to paying the common stockholders.
Audrey has assigned her lease to her college buddy, Skip. After two months, Skip vacates the premises and is never heard from again. Who could the landlord reasonably sue for non-payment of rent
Answers
The landlord could reasonably sue both Audrey and Skip for non-payment of rent.
What is assignment of lease?
Assignment of lease is a legal term that describes the process by which a tenant transfers their rights and responsibilities in accordance with a lease agreement to another party. The tenant is known as the assignor and the new tenant is known as the assignee. The assignor is responsible for transferring the lease to the assignee and ensuring that the assignee is aware of the terms and conditions of the lease as outlined in the original agreement.
The landlord can sue both Audrey and Skip for non-payment of rent because they are both legally responsible for the lease. The landlord can pursue both Audrey and Skip for the remaining rent owed under the lease agreement, regardless of who is currently living in the property. Even if Skip has vacated the premises, Audrey is still liable for the rent payments due to her original assignment of the lease to Skip.
Therefore, both Audrey and Skip is the answer.
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to be effective, a leader must understand the ________ aspects of the organization such as values, attitudes, and personalities.
Answers
To be effective a leader must understand the core aspects of the organization like value, attitudes and personalities.
In order for a leader to be effective, they have to be competent and have interpersonal approach to issues.
They need to have good skills such as good listening skills, honesty, ability to communicate openly, conflict resolution skills etc.
All of these are very important in the company in order to keep the whole organization going.
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Answer:
informal
Explanation:
The informal aspects are the focus of the interdisciplinary field known as organizational behavior (OB), which is dedicated to better understanding and managing people at work.
if u had a choice would you help have dying family member of be a multi-millionaire
Answers
Answer:
Yes i would help them... its the better thing to do...
Explanation:
Answer and Explanation:
Yes. I'd help them.
Veronica owns a pottery business and is insured under a commercial property policy. She was in the process of building an extra structure for the sole purpose of kiln firing her pottery when a massive storm came through and blew down all the scaffolding, which added additional cost to the construction project. Which coverage extension of the Builder’s Risk Coverage Form would cover the scaffolding?
Answers
Answer: Scaffolding, construction forms, and temporary structures
Explanation:
The builders risk coverage form simply refers to the insurance policy which covers both the residential structures and the commercial structures when such structures are being constructerd or renovated.
Based on the information given, the coverage extension of the Builder’s Risk Coverage Form that would cover the scaffolding will be scaffolding, construction forms, and temporary structures.
Currently, you can exchange $1 for SF 1.14. Assume that the average inflation rate in the U.S. over the next two years will be 2.5 percent annually as compared to 3 percent in Switzerland. Based on this information and relative purchasing power parity, which one of the following assumptions can you make regarding the next two years?
A. The Swiss franc will appreciate against all currencies.
B. The Swiss franc will appreciate against the U.S. dollar.
C. The U.S. dollar will appreciate against all currencies.
D. The U.S. dollar will appreciate against the Swiss franc.
E. Both the U.S. dollar and the Swiss franc will appreciate against all other currencies.
Answers
In the next two years, the U.S. dollar will appreciate against the Swiss franc.
Exchange rate is the rate at which one currency is exchanged for another currency. In this equation $1 would be exchanged for SF1.14.
Purchasing power parity theory states that the same basket of books would cost the same when the exchange rate between the countries have been adjusted for. If the inflation rate of one country is expected to increase more than that of the other country, the country with the higher inflation rate, will experience a depreciation of its currency.
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an employee can be dismissed if their job surplus to requirements' outline why this state ment is false
Answers
Juan is asked by his employer without prior warning to say a few words in a meeting of eight sales representatives about a project he's working on. From his seat, Juan tells about his latest conversation with a client about one of the company's product, which is not what the employer wanted. Is this public speaking
Answers
The fact that Juan was invited by the employer to say a few words during a meeting and he said about a conversation with a client that was not what the employer wanted does not correspond to public speaking as Juan lacks purpose and organization.
What is Public Speaking?It corresponds to a social skill performed to promote interaction between individuals, which can increase persuasion, negotiation power and empathy.
It is essential that when giving a speech to an audience, there is prior preparation of the speaker, about his goals with the speech and ways to attract the attention of the audience.
Therefore, since Juan was not advised in advance that he should speak a few words during a meeting, he cannot prepare a focused speech that presents a message, retains the audience's attention and achieves the expected goals.
The correct answer is:
No, because Juan lacks a purpose and organization.Find out more information about public speaking here:
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A share of stock in a pharmaceutical company was worth $30. 46 on Monday. On Wednesday, the stock price changed to $45. 83. What is the net change in the stock price from Monday to Wednesday?.
Answers
Most new jobs in the United States will be in the a manufacturing industries:
b. goods-producing industries
C. service-producing industries
d. agriculture-producing industries
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
Α
B
С
D
Answers
Answer:
d agriculture-producing industries
Most new jobs in the United States will be in manufacturing industries service producing industries. The correct option is c.
In the United States, manufacturing is an important economic sector. The United States is the world's third-biggest manufacturer (after the People's Republic of Chine and the European Union), with a record high real output of $2.00 trillion (adjusted for inflation in 2009 dollars) in Q1 2018, significantly above the $1.95 trillion peak before the Great Recession in 2007.The manufacturing industry in the United States employed 12.35 million people on December 2016 versus 12.56 million in December 2017, a 1.7% rise.
Manufacturing, while still a significant portion of the US economy, contributed less to GDP in Q1 2018 than the 'Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, other leasing' sector, the 'Government' sector, or the 'Professional and business services' sector.
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please help now !!! will give brainlist
How do companies give people an incentive to spend money? give an example
Answers
companies use incentives as a way to motivate the customers to spend more money for the benefits. examples of incentives would be discounts or free items (like a buy one get one deal)
make a list of things that should be considered while managing a factory or an industry
plz say correct answer not stipude answer
Answers
Get Prototypes Sorted First
Form Positive Working Relationships
Sorting the Premises
Bankrolling the Business
Understand the Legalities
· Hope's contribution to her RETIREMENT plan...
a. is a post-tax contribution on which she pays federal income taxes
b. is pre-tax and therefore not included in federal income taxes
c. Is a contribution to her Social Security
d. is taxed at a rate of 15%
Answers
Based on Hope's check, her contribution to her RETIREMENT plan b. is pre-tax and therefore not included in federal income taxes.
What does the check say?The check notes that Hope's retirement contribution is not included in her federal taxable income.
This means that the contribution is paid pre-tax and will not be liable for federal income taxes. She will most probably pay taxes on the retirement fund when she withdraws from it.
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Tate wants to write and publish a book. What are the most helpful examples of milestones for this goal? Check all that apply.writing one chapter every weekvolunteering in a hospitalfinding a publisherbecoming a Photographer for a newspapertaking a writing classtaking a foreign-language class
Answers
The most helpful examples of milestones for Tate's goal of writing and publishing a book are:
- Writing one chapter every week.
- Finding a publisher.
- Taking a writing class.
Writing one chapter every week is a tangible milestone that helps Tate make progress in completing the book. Consistently meeting this goal will ensure steady progress and keep the writing process on track. Finding a publisher is another important milestone as it involves submitting the manuscript to publishing houses and securing a publishing deal, which is crucial for getting the book out to readers.
Taking a writing class can provide valuable knowledge, guidance, and feedback to enhance Tate's writing skills and improve the quality of the book. Other options such as volunteering in a hospital, becoming a photographer for a newspaper, or taking a foreign-language class may not directly contribute to the specific goal of writing and publishing a book.
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A social worker is most likely to find him- or herself working with troubled people who are 20-40 years old. True False A social worker is most likely to find him- or herself working with troubled people who are 20-40 years old. True False
Answers
Answer: True
Explanation: Text Evidence proves that it is true.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
What are taxes?
Do taxes affect the government economic policies today?
Should taxes be lowered overall?
Should some groups be paying more than they are now?
Answer all please, 34 points :)
Answers
Answer:
1.Taxes are a amount of money that a government requires people to pay according to their income.
4.Yes, High marginal tax rates can discourage work, saving, investment, and innovation, while specific tax preferences can affect the allocation of economic resources. But tax cuts can slow long-run economic growth by increasing deficits.
3.lowering tastes would lead to raising in disposable income, allowing the consumer to spend additional sums, thereby increasing GNP. Reducing taxes thus pushes out the aggregate demand curve as consumers demand for more goods and services with their higher disposable incomes.
4.No, This reading is because people pay off their incomes so it would be unfair to charge higher then needed.
Answer:
What are taxes?
Taxes are amount of money that a government forces individuals to pay according to their income, the value of their property, etc., and that is used to pay for the activities done by the government.
Do taxes affect the government economic policies today?
Taxes affect the government economic policies today. High marginal tax rates may deter people from working, saving, investing, and innovating, while particular tax preferences can have an impact on how economic resources are allocated in a country. Tax cuts, on the other hand, might have the unintended consequence of slowing long-term economic development through boosting deficits.
Should taxes be lowered overall?
As you would anticipate, decreasing taxes increases disposable income, which allows consumers to spend more money, hence boosting gross national product (GNP). As a result, lowering taxes causes the aggregate demand curve to shift outward, as consumers seek more products and services as a result of their increased disposable incomes.
Should some groups be paying more than they are now?
Personally, I believe that one group should not be overtaxed at the expense of another group. While the tax rate for the rich is much higher, they are able to deduct a large number of expenses. The working middle class bears the brunt of the burden of taxes, whilst the impoverished get the advantages of them. I feel that it would be considerably more equitable to impose a single flat rate tax on everyone and to prohibit the use of write-offs altogether.
Explanation:
Hope it helps:)
read the passage, Three Trees Shampoo Company offers a free sample of hair conditioner with each purchase of a large bottle of shampoo. The company offers the sample to encourage more customers to purchase more large bottles of shampoo. Unfortunately, the company does not gain many new customers or sell as many bottles of shampoo as it hopes. As a result, the company decides to offer a smaller bottle of shampoo that costs less than the large bottle. then write a paragraph identifying an action the shampoo company takes that is an example of an incentive and an action it takes that is an example of a trade-off. Explain your reasoning.
Answers
The incentive in this question is the free sample that was offered to the customers when they purchase the large bottles. While the trade off is the smaller bottles that were offered that costs less than the large bottles.
What is an incentive?This is the term that is used to refer to the fact that a person is being offered something in order to carry out an action. The term incentive has to do with a payment or an inducement that could motivate a person. The free samples were offered to encourage people to buy more of the larger bottles.
What is a trade off?This is the term that is used to refer to the point of balance. At this stage a sacrifice has to be made.
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a tax on gasoline encourages people to drive smaller, more fuel-efficient cars. which principle of economics does this illustrate?
Answers
This statement illustrates the principle of incentives in economics. Incentives are like rewards or punishments that are used to encourage or discourage depending on certain behaviors.
In this case, the incentive is a gasoline tax that encourages people to drive smaller, more fuel-efficient cars. This incentive works by making it more expensive to use petrol, making it less attractive to drive cars that are less fuel efficient and more expensive to run. In the long run, this motivates people to buy vehicles that are more fuel efficient and less expensive to run, helping to reduce emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change.
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Cliches are useful to a business writer because they help readers understand the main idea better.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
T
F
Answers
Answer:
F
Explanation:
Answer:
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
Explanation:
right on edge