the hpa axis is a hormone cascade that helps to trigger the fight or flight response during times of major stress. this hormone cascade involves what three endocrine glands (h,p,a)?
Answers
The hormone cascade, HPA axis, involves three endocrine glands: hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands.
When our body experiences any kind of stress, hypothalamus in our brain releases a hormone in response known as hormone corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH). Pituitary gland is then instructed to release Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) into the bloodstream in a response to CRH.
The adrenal glands, which are located above the kidneys, are where ACTH next travels. In response, the adrenal glands release catecholamines like adrenaline and glucocorticoids like cortisol into the bloodstream.
The body's reaction to stress is greatly influenced by the hormone cascade known as the HPA axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis). This is what responsible for our fight-or-flight response.
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Related Questions
TRUE/FALSE
Both base substitution and frameshift mutations can result in the formation of premature stop codons.
Answers
The given statement Both base substitution and frameshift mutations can result in the formation of premature stop codons is true because Both base substitution and frameshift mutations can result in the formation of premature stop codons.
In general , base substitution, is considered as point mutation, that involves the substitution of one nucleotide base for another, on the other hand frameshift mutation involves the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotide bases, results in shift in the reading frame of the codons.
Also , base substitution can potentially lead to the formation of a premature stop codon, resulting in the truncation of the protein product. This can have significant consequences for protein function, depending on the location and severity of the mutation.
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What is an independent variable?
Answers
Answer:
An independent variable is exactly what it sounds like. It is a variable that stands alone and isn't changed by the other variables you are trying to measure. For example, someone's age might be an independent variable.Which of the following statements best describes the principle of standard precautions
Answers
The statement that best describes the principle of standard precautions is you should assume that everyone has the potential to carry an infectious disease. The correct option is A.
What are standard precautions?These are the steps that are performed to avoid a risky or unpleasant situation.
Because we don't know each person's medical history, we should always take the usual precautions and assume that everyone is at risk of carrying an infectious disease.
Therefore, the correct option is A, You should assume that everyone has the potential to carry an infectious disease.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
Select the best option.
You should assume that everyone has the potential to carry an infectious disease.
It is okay to assume that some patients are not infectious if you have access to their test results and the data is less than a year old.
Standard Precautions tell you exactly which PPE to use for every situation.
Standard Precautions are only used for high-risk patients.
Science is not a process, but just a body of facts that
accumulates overtime.
TRUE
FALSE
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Science is more about gaining knowledge than it is about simply having knowledge. Science is a way of learning about the natural world that is based on evidence and logic. In other words, science is a process, not just a body of facts. Through the process of science, our knowledge of the world advances.
A dietitian wants to track the effect of varying amounts of protein on the muscle mass of her clients. The varying amounts of protein are a(n) _____, and the resultant muscle mass is a(n) _____.
Answers
An object whose volume is calculated by multiplying length, width and height.
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Where does wind energy come from? What is a good definition of wind energy?
Answers
The three simultaneous events that result in the wind are as follows: The atmosphere is being heated unevenly by the sun. Unevenness on the surface of the earth. a planet's rotation.
How does wind power function?The primary method of generating electricity from the wind, often known as wind power, is through wind turbines. Using fossil fuels has a considerably greater negative impact on the environment than using wind power, a well-liked, reliable, and renewable energy source. The method for harnessing the wind to produce mechanical or electrical energy is known as wind power or wind energy. Mechanical power is produced by wind turbines from the kinetic energy of the wind.As opposed to a fan, which creates wind using energy, wind turbines create electricity using wind. This is the basic idea of how they operate. An electric generator spins while a turbine's blades, like propellers, are turned around a rotor by the wind.To learn more about wind energy, refer to:
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How can humans influence the nitrogen cycle?
A. By taking really long showers
B. By using too many fertilizers
C. By driving cars that release lots of carbon dioxide
Answers
Explanation:
I think the answer is B hopefully it's right
Which of the following statements describes a benefit of most cells being
small?
A. Small cells have a greater surface-to-volume ratio than larger
cells.
B. Small cells move more quickly than larger cells.
C. Small cells have a smaller surface-to-volume ratio than larger
cells.
D. Small cells move more slowly than larger cells.
SUBMIT
Answers
Answer:
Small cells have a smaller surface to volume ratio than longer
Which statement about van der Waals forces is true?
When the forces are weaker, a substance will have higher volatility.
When the forces are stronger, a substance will have lower viscosity.
When the forces are weaker, the boiling point of a substance will be higher.
When the forces are stronger, the melting point of a substance will be lower.
Answers
The statement about van der Waals forces that is true is that when the forces are weaker, a substance will have higher volatility. So the correct option is A.
What are the van der Waals forces?Van der Waals forces are a type of intermolecular forces that attract or repel each other that will stabilize the union within various molecules. They are not a type of strong union, it is usually weaker than covalent or ionic unions.
There are several van der waals forces:
- Dipole-dipole: this attraction is given when the negative and positive poles of two different polar molecules are going to attract each other.
- Ionic interactions: when a polar molecule is going to induce a dipole in another non-polar molecule that will be transient.
- London forces: when in nonpolar molecules there is a displacement of their electrons generating a dipole.
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Answer:
A: When the forces are weaker, a substance will have higher volatility.
PLEASE HURRY
How do cells conserve genetic information and still increase genetic variability?
Answers
some predators are also opportunistic feeders. what does this mean? responses they are herbivores rather than carnivores. they are herbivores rather than carnivores. they might be prey for a species on a higher trophic level. they might be prey for a species on a higher trophic level. they eat only one kind of prey. they eat only one kind of prey. they scavenge at times as well as hunt.
Answers
Some predators are also opportunistic feeders. This mean that they scavenge at times as well as hunt.
What are predators?
They are organisms that hunt and kill other organisms for food. The organisms that are consumed by predators are known as the prey. Predators can be carnivores and omnivores. Lions, tigers, sharks all are predators.What are scavenger?
It is defined as an animal that feeds on the remains of other animals or eats decomposing plant or animal matter. This means that scavenger can be both herbivores and omnivores.Predators are opportunistic feeders. They look for easiest way to a meal. Thus they scavenge at time as well
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What do organsims and organelles have in common? (other than being living things)
Answers
Answer:
they both have dna and other stuff
Explanation:
yea
6. What is the effect of excess heat or temperature on an enzyme?
zyme
Answers
Answer:
It will stop working aka degrade
Explanation:
Enzymes are sensitive to change in heat, temperature, pH and other stuff. If temperature gets too high or too much heat, the bonds that hold together the protein break apart and protein unfolds (and even degrades). This causes enzyme to stop working.
Binary fission is a type of ______ seen in prokaryotes, such as archaea and bacteria.
Answers
Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotes, such as archaea and bacteria.
Binary fission is the formation of daughter cells by the separation of an organism into two parts. The division of the genetic material occurs by the method of duplication. The daughter cells are identical to each other. The examples of organisms that undergo binary fission are: Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Clostridium botulinum.
Asexual reproduction is the process of producing new organism without the fusion of gametes. Only one parent can give rise to offspring. There are several methods of asexual reproduction. These are: binary fission, fragmentation, budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation.
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Important features of the environment corridor
Answers
Answer:
These corridors protect environmentally sensitive areas by providing linkages in the landscape and potential buffers between natural and/or human communities. Environmental corridors are complex ecosystems that provide an avenue for wildlife movement, protection of natural resources, and green space buffers for humans.
Explanation:
Chordate characteristics Chordates possess several distinguishing characteristics that separate them from other animal groups. Check all of the features that one would use to classity members into this phylum. answer choices :
- postanal tail. - cranium - pharyngeal slits - notochord. - dorsal hollow nerve cord. - vertebral column.
Answers
Chordates are the biggest phylum in animal kingdom. they are separated by rest of the phylum by the presence of Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve chord and tail.
The notochord, the dorsal hollow nerve cord, the pharyngeal slits, and the tail are the four distinguishing characteristics that all animals in the phylum Chordata share. Some of these are only present during embryonic development in certain groups. The notochord, a flexible, rod-shaped feature present in all chordate embryos and in some species of adult chordates, is the reason that the chordates got their name. It offers skeletal support along the length of the body and is situated between the nerve cord and the digestive tract.
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water is attracted to which kinds of solutes, forming hydration shells around them?
Answers
Water is attracted to ionic and polar solutes, forming hydration shells around them.What are hydration shells?
When polar or ionic substances are placed in water, water molecules orient themselves to form solute-water interactions. Because water is polar, the partial charges on water molecules are attracted to oppositely charged regions of the solute's surface. The solute's charge distribution is surrounded by a shell of water molecules in which water molecules orient themselves.
These shells are known as hydration shells or solvation shells.The formation of hydration shells in which water molecules arrange themselves around a solute's ions or polar regions in order to establish solute-water interactions is referred to as hydration. The polarity of water, which allows it to form solute-water interactions, is also responsible for many other unique properties of water, including its high surface tension, low vapor pressure, and high boiling point.
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For sneaky snakes, being rude (R) is dominant to being respectful (r). Complete the cross below, and determine the phenotype (dominant : recessive) ratio.
R r
r #1 #2
r #3 #4
2 (#5) : 2 (#6)
Column A
1.
#1:
#1
2.
#2:
#2
3.
#3:
#3
4.
#4:
#4
5.
#5:
#5
6.
#6:
#6
Column B
a.Rr
b.RR
c.sweet
d.respectful
e.sneaky
f.rr
g.rude
Answers
According to the question, the female snake will have genotype rrss, whereas the male snake will have genotype RRSS.
What is the offspring's phenotype?The trait that these genes express is known as phenotype. Phenotypes include things like blossom position, pod shape, eye color, and hair color. In this case, it instructed you to create a hybrid between two parents whose eye color was homozygous dominant.
How is the genotype discovered?A genetic test is a clear-cut approach to determine your genotype. These days, businesses like 23andMe can do this reasonably cheaply. But for this to function, researchers must have identified the genetic variation that results in a trait.
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we expect the fossil record to be incomplete for all of the following reasons except that: fossilization requires burial in sediment. all biomolecules, including lipids and pigment molecules, decay immediately after death. under normal conditions, organisms are broken down by biological and physical processes. organisms with hard parts tend to fossilize more readily than soft-bodied organisms. sediments accumulate irregularly.
Answers
The fossil record is incomplete for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that all biomolecules, including lipids and pigment molecules, decay immediately after death. Therefore, the correct answer is the second option.
A fossil is the remains or impressions of a prehistoric animal or plant embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form. It is also a fossil of an animal or plant found in rock layers and dating from a previous geological period. Fossils can tell us a lot about the past, but the fossil record is incomplete for various reasons.
It may be due to the fact that fossilization requires burial in sediment, and the process may not have been perfect or may have been influenced by local environmental factors such as pH, salinity, or water movement. Under normal conditions, organisms are broken down by biological and physical processes, which may have contributed to the incomplete fossil record. While hard-bodied organisms are more likely to fossilize than soft-bodied organisms, sediments accumulate irregularly, and not all organisms may have had the opportunity to be preserved.
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what kind of rna could have the same effect as the methylation
Answers
The RNA that could have the same effect as the methylation would be S. I. R. N. A because they don't directly bind to the 5' cap,.
RNA methylation is the addition of a methyl group( CH3) to an RNA patch. This methylation generally occurs on the 5' cap of the RNA patch, and it can be used to regulate the expression of a gene. This regulation is frequently achieved by changing the way the RNA patch is reused and restated by the cell. An indispensable way to regulate gene expression could be through the use of small snooping RNAs( siRNAs). siRNAs are short double- stranded RNAs which can bind to and inhibit the restatement of a specific mRNA. siRNAs can thus be used to reduce the expression of a gene.To know more about methylation visit:
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Over millions of years, the shape of mountains on Earth’s surface can change to low hills and then to rolling plains. These changes are most likely caused by--
Answers
Answer:
Over millions of years, the shape of mountains on Earth’s surface can change to low hills and then to rolling plains. These changes are most likely caused by weathering and erosion.
These changes are most likely caused by weathering and erosion
What is weathering and erosion?weathering is the breakdown or dissolution of rocks and minerals. After a rock has been broken down, the bits of rock and minerals are carried away by erosion.
Erosion is a geological process in which natural forces like as wind and water wear away and transfer earthen materials.
How does weahering and erosion cause breakdown of large hills?weathering and erosion speeds up the process of breaking down of a mountain. Erosion speeds up tectonic processes beneath the mountains by lowering the weight of the mountain range. Wind, rain, and ice increase at higher elevations and directly effect the weathering and erosion process, causing mountain tops to weather more quickly.Hence the mountain will change into a valley over many years followed by eroding into rolling plains.learn more about Weathering and erosion here:
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what kind of cells inject lethal injections in foreign cells and molecules they encounter and recognize causing the cells to commit apoptosis? group of answer choices natural killer cells red blood cells phagocytic cells b cells g
Answers
Natural killer (NK) cells respond quickly to the development of tumors as well as intracellular infections working three days after infection and on virus-infected cells.
Natural killer cells
Natural killer cells, also referred to as NK cells or large granular lymphocytes (LGL), are a subset of cytotoxic lymphocytes important for the innate immune system that make up between 5-20% of all circulating lymphocytes in humans. They are members of the rapidly growing family of known innate lymphoid cells (ILC). NK cells respond quickly to the development of tumours as well as intracellular pathogens working three days after infection and on virus-infected cells.
The pore-forming protein perforin, granulysin, and serine proteases known as granzymes are contained in the cytotoxic granules that are released by NK cells. Granzymes facilitate the cleavage and activation of the caspase family of proteases. Caspases encourage the cleavage of cellular substrates by proteases, which results in apoptosis.
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After running, Ollie’s blood pressure was high. His nervous system sensed this and sent a message to decrease heart rate and blood flow.
Which system worked together with the nervous system?
skeletal system
circulatory system
respiratory system
digestive system
Answers
Answer:
circulatory system
Explanation:
what three main molecules are involved in gene expression?cchegg
Answers
Messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA) are the three main molecules involved in gene expression.
The phenomenon of gene expression is termed as the phrase "the Central Dogma of molecular biology" by Francis Crick to describe how information moves from nucleic acids to proteins. DNA-encoded information is translated into RNA, which then produces a protein's linear amino acid sequence.
The DNA first undergoes replication to form its replica or a copy. This copy of DNA is then transcribed to form RNA which is used as a template strand. An mRNA molecule is translated when it is used as a template to create a protein by the process called translation. tRNAs then carry attached amino acids to the mRNA and synthesize new proteins.
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how do most protein machines, such as those involved in dna replication and protein synthesis, coordinate their activities? choose one: a. synthesis of protein subunits b. rapid hydrolysis of bound nucleoside triphosphates: atp or gtp c. breakdown of protein subunits d. formation of covalent bonds by dehydration between the protein subunits e. enzyme-mediated phosphorylation of the protein subunits
Answers
Answer:B
Explanation:
Why are antibiotics unhelpful for treating the common cold?
•
A. Colds are caused by viruses.
• B. Antibiotics cannot treat illnesses.
• C Bacteria are not killed by antibiotics.
O D. Colds are caused by antibiotics.
Answers
America Serving sizes in restaurants are significantly larger than most places in the world. Why is that a problem?
A. These portions need to be served on larger plates of work
B. Many other people in the world do not have enough to eat.
C. It gives a false sence of what a normal serving size should be.
D. The larger portions generally have less nutrition than smaller portions.
Answers
Explain
Explanation
What is the arrow pointing to?
hydrogen ion
water
hydroxide ion
proton
hydronium ion
Answers
The arrow points to the hydroxide ion.
What is an ion?
An ion is a specie that is formed by the loss or gain of electrons. Thus any specie that carries a charge whether positive or negative could be called an ion. In this case, we have a system that has three ions in it. The hydrogen ions, the hydroxide ions and the hydronium ions.
As we can see, the red color stands for oxygen, the grey color stands for hydrogen. Looking at the image, we can see that the direction in which the arrow point is a specie that has only red and ash colors thus this corresponds to the hydroxide ion.
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HURRY IM BEING TIMED!!!!!
The molecular formula for glucose, C6H12O6 tells us that there are six carbons and oxygens and ___________ hydrogens in a molecule of glucose.
Select one:
a. 12
b. 6
c. 24
Answers
Answer:
Molecules of glucose (blood sugar) contain 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms.
A is the correct answer( 12)
Explanation:
hope this helps