what is the relationship between dna, codons and proteins
Answers
Answer:
DNA, codons, and proteins are all closely related as they are involved in the process of protein synthesis, which is the process by which cells produce proteins.
Explanation:
DNA contains the genetic code that determines the characteristics of an organism. The DNA code is made up of four nucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These nucleotides form the building blocks of DNA, and they pair up in specific combinations (A with T, and C with G) to form the famous double helix structure.
However, DNA cannot directly create proteins. Instead, the information encoded in DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) by a process called transcription. mRNA is a molecule that carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.
The genetic code in DNA is read in groups of three nucleotides, called codons. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid, which is the building block of proteins. There are 64 possible codons, but only 20 amino acids that are used to create proteins. This means that some amino acids are coded for by more than one codon.
During translation, the ribosome reads the codons in the mRNA and matches each codon with the corresponding amino acid. This process continues until the ribosome reaches a stop codon, which signals the end of the protein.
In summary, DNA contains the genetic code, codons are groups of three nucleotides that correspond to specific amino acids, and proteins are made up of chains of amino acids. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of codons in mRNA, which in turn determines the sequence of amino acids in the protein.
DNA, RNA, and protein are all closely related to each other. DNA contains all the necessary information which is required for encoding proteins. RNA contains the information from the DNA and transforms that information into proteins that perform other cellular functions.
DNA
DNA is a linear polymer that is made out of Nucleotide units. It represents a long chain where the links are found composed of individual chemical units which are called Nucleotides. DNA is responsible for forming the genetic materials of all living organisms.
RNA
RNA resembles DNA in appearance, except it contains ribose rather than Deoxyribose sugars that help in making up DNA. The RNA is made more flexible by ribose sugar.
Protein
A Protein is made up of a long chain of amino acids which are linked together. There are twenty amino acids that are commonly found in proteins. Each amino acid has a unique structure.
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Related Questions
All of the following statements can be cited as evidence for evolution.
I. The embryos of all vertebrates share many common features, such as the presence of gills at some stage in their development.
II. Before human interference, Australia had many diverse marsupial species but none of the advanced placental mammals found on other continents.
III. The DNA sequences of related organisms are more similar than those of unrelated organisms.
IV. The forelimbs of cats, dolphins, and bats have the same skeletal elements.
Which of these pieces of evidence is provided by biogeographical data?
A.
II only
B.
IV only
C.
I and III only
D.
III and IV only
Answers
The evidence provided by biogeographical data is II only, which states that before human interference, Australia had many diverse marsupial species but none of the advanced placental mammals found on other continents. Option A is the answer.
Theory of evolutionThe theory of evolution is a scientific explanation for how life on Earth has changed over time and how different species have arisen from a common ancestor. It is based on the idea that all living things share a common ancestry and that the diversity of life is the result of gradual changes that occur over long periods of time.
The theory of evolution is supported by a large body of evidence from various fields of science, including genetics, comparative anatomy, paleontology, and biogeography. It explains how natural selection, genetic drift, and other mechanisms can cause changes in populations over time, leading to the evolution of new species and the extinction of others.
This biogeographical distribution supports the theory of evolution through natural selection, which suggests that organisms evolve in response to their environment over time. The other pieces of evidence listed are supported by embryological, molecular, and anatomical data, respectively.
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what elements are nonmetallic
Answers
Answer:
Elements: Helium; Nitrogen; Neon; Oxygen;...
Seventeen elements are generally classified as nonmetals: most are gases (hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, chlorine, argon, krypton, xenon and radon); one is a liquid (bromine); and a few are solids (carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, and iodine).
Explanation:
*can i be the brainliest*
Bradley improved his hitting after taking batting practice. A. Bradley improved his hitting B. after improvement C. taking batting practice D. practice with Bradley
Answers
A because the others didn't make no sense
What is gel electrophoresis used for?
O A. Cutting DNA into sections
O B. Separating strands of DNA
O C. Performing reverse transcription
O D. Cloning organisms
Answers
Answer:
B. separating strands of DNA
Gel electrophoresis used for separating strands of DNA
What is electrophoresis?Electrophoresis can be defined as a technique used to separate molecules of DNA, RNA or protein molecules on the basis of their electrical charge and size
It also used to identify microorganismsIt is also used in genetic testingElectrophoresis analysis is used in forensics to compare DNA,Below are four major components of gel electrophoresis:
DNA is extractedIsolation and amplification of DNADNA added to the gel wellsElectric current applied to the gel.Learn more about gel electrophoresis:
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18 Explain what pattern tides occur in and explain why knowledge of the tidal pattern is important to
society,
Answers
Tides occur in a regular pattern that is influenced by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on the Earth's oceans. The pattern of tides is typically a semi-diurnal cycle, which means that there are two high tides and two low tides each day, with a period of approximately 12 hours and 25 minutes between each high tide. However, the exact pattern of tides can be influenced by several factors, including the location of the ocean, the shape of the coastline, and the depth of the ocean floor.
Knowledge of the tidal pattern is important to society for several reasons. First, tides are important for navigation, as they can affect the depth of water in harbors, rivers, and estuaries. For example, ships may need to wait for high tide to enter a port or travel up a river, or they may need to avoid shallow areas during low tide.
Tidal patterns are also important for coastal communities, as they can influence the extent of flooding and erosion that occurs during storms and hurricanes. Understanding the tidal cycle can help communities prepare for and mitigate the impacts of these natural events.
In addition, tides are important for marine life, as they can affect the availability of food and the movement of marine organisms. Some species of fish and other marine animals rely on the movement of tides to travel to feeding and spawning areas.
Overall, understanding the pattern of tides is important for a variety of reasons, from navigation and coastal management to ecology and the preservation of marine habitats.
many forests and grasslands depend on periodic wildfires to maintain their ecosystems. fires create new habitat with increased resources and reduced competition. this best demonstrates what ecosystem service?
Answers
Many forests and grasslands depend on periodic wildfires to maintain their ecosystems, this best demonstrates the ecosystem service of "natural disturbance."
Natural disturbance is a vital ecosystem service that maintains natural biodiversity, ensures ecosystem productivity, and enhances ecosystem services. Many ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands, rely on natural disturbances to maintain their diversity and productivity.Periodic wildfires are a natural and essential disturbance that helps to maintain healthy ecosystems.
Wildfires produce new habitat, increase resources, and reduce competition, leading to a diversified, dynamic ecosystem that can withstand further environmental changes or stresses. The carbon cycle, nutrient cycling, and hydrological cycle are other important ecosystem services provided by natural disturbances, which play a critical role in regulating the environment and maintaining ecosystem stability.
Consequently, natural disturbances, such as wildfires, floods, storms, and droughts, are essential for maintaining the health and resilience of natural ecosystems. Therefore, the best way to ensure ecosystem sustainability is to maintain a balance between human activities and natural disturbances.
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PLS HELP When a forensic scientist needs to quickly identify a drug without first separating the substances, which test would be MOST useful?
spectrophotometry
gas chromatography
microcrystalline
narcotic
Answers
Answer:
A spectrophotometry test
Explanation:
I say this because a spectrophotometry test will give you information in a relatively fast time.
The visible portions of ultraviolet light are measured by UV spectrophotometers, which are useful for determining the concentrations of active components in pharmaceutical substances as well as for checking for contaminants. Thus, option A is correct.
What is the importance of spectrophotometry in drug?In biochemistry and molecular biology, spectrophotometry analysis is frequently used to estimate the concentration of biomolecules in a solution.
Spectrophotometers are used in clinical laboratories for a variety of tasks, including quantitative analysis, kinetics, spectrum scanning, and multiple component DNA/protein testing.
There are several spectrophotometers available from reputable firms in the field.
Therefore, When a forensic scientist needs to quickly identify a drug without first separating the substances, a spectrophotometry test would be most useful.
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n lab, students observe microscopic slides of brain tissue from a recently deceased 90 year-old female and a 22 year-old male.what major anatomical differences would they expect to see chapter 14
Answers
Since aging causes the brain to shrink, both in size and vasculature, it is possible that the student will notice these differences in the brains of the two cadavers.
What is the relationship between age and the structure of the brain?The brain decreases with advancing age and there are changes at all levels from chemicals to morphology. The incidence of stroke, white matter lesions, and dementia increases with age, as does the severity of memory impairment, and neurotransmitter and hormone levels vary.
Researchers believe the following general changes occur throughout brain aging: Brain mass: Around the age of 60 or 70, the frontal lobe and hippocampus, which are involved in higher cognitive function and memory storage, begin to shrink.
Your brain and nerve system naturally change as you age. Nerve cells and weight are lost in your brain and spinal cord (atrophy).
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PLEASE HELP!
The light reaction of photosynthesis is responsible for producing most of the free ______ found on planet Earth.
Answers
Answer:
oxygen gas
Explanation:
HOW WE CAN SEPRATE HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN ?
Answers
Answer:
The process of water electrolysis can be used to separate hydrogen and oxygen.
Explanation:
Hope this was helpful, have a lblessed day.
Answer:
ElectrolysisSeparate Hydrogen and Oxygen From Water Through Electrolysis. Electrolysis a method of separating elements by pushing an electric current through a compound. It is used in various industrial applications such as removing copper from its ore. It is also used to separate hydrogen and oxygen from water.
Is fertile soil a renewable or nonrenewable resource?
Answers
Answer: fertile soil is an non renewable resource
Explanation:
How do enzymes affect the reactions in living cells?
a
They change the chemical compound of the reaction.
b
Enzymes don't affect the reaction.
c
They change the speed of the reaction.
d
They stop the reaction
Answers
Answer:
d
Explanation:
Question 3 (1 point)
RNA is a double stranded molecule made of nitrogen bases Adenine (A), Thymine (T),
Cytosine (C) & Guanine (G).
True
False
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Adenine, Cytosine, uracil and guanine
In order to be considered part of the phylum Chordata, an animal must have a backbone. What other characteristics does this phylum share? Complete digestive system, lack of segmentation, and true body cavity No central brain, incomplete body cavity, and radial symmetry Exoskeleton, jointed feet, and simple nervous system Complete body cavity, segmentation, and bilateral symmetry
Answers
Answer:
Complete body cavity, segmentation, and bilateral symmetry
Explanation:
In conjuction with possessing a backbone, chordates also have a complete body cavity, segmentation, and bilateral symmetry. They possess a complete true body cavity called the coelom. They also exhibit heteromeric segmentation wherein the links between segmented regions are inconspicuous. And they majorly possess bilateral symmetry; being divisible into symmetric halves.
Answer:
Complete body cavity, segmentation, and bilateral symmetry
Explanation:
Took the test.
which feature of the genetic code ensures that translation of a single mrna sequence will always result in the same amino acid sequence?
Answers
The feature of the genetic code that ensures that the translation of a single mRNA sequence will always result in the same amino acid sequence is the codon-anticodon pairing.
Codons and anticodons match up during protein synthesis to create the polypeptide chain. There are 20 amino acids in proteins, and 64 different codons exist in the genetic code. The genetic code is read in a 5′ to 3′ direction. The first nucleotide in the codon is located on the 5′ end of the mRNA, whereas the last nucleotide is located on the 3′ end of the mRNA.
The genetic code is degenerate, which means that more than one codon corresponds to the same amino acid. The only exceptions are methionine and tryptophan, which have just one codon that codes for them. As a result, the codon-anticodon pairing guarantees that a single mRNA sequence will always result in the same amino acid sequence.
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Which of the following discoveries were the result of Erwin Chargaff's experiments?
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The four bases found in DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.
Compare and contrast environmental science and environmentalism.
Answers
Answer:
i cant compare them
Explanation:
COMPARE: How were the outcomes of Pasteur’s and Redi’s experiments similar?
Both experiments proved that life can come from rotting meat.
Both experiments proved that spontaneous generation occurs.
Both experiments showed that heat kills microorganisms.
Both experiments showed that living things only come from living things.
Answers
The outcomes of Pasteur’s and Redi’s experiments similar is because both experiments proved that life can come from rotten meat.
What do Redi and Pasteur's studies show?Pasteur and Redi's experiments prove biogenesis, that is, life originating from other life, contrary to the prevailing idea at the time, that life could arise from raw matter (abiogenesis).
Abiogenesis and biogenesis tried to explain, through experiments, the emergence of living beings. Several researchers such as Louis Pasteur, Spallanzani and Redi have focused on studies about the phenomenon that intrigued humanity in the period of Ancient History.
Pasteur's experiment showed that microbes cannot arise from nonliving materials under the conditions that existed on Earth during his lifetime. But his experiment did not prove that spontaneous generation never occurred.
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What personal qualities and experiences do you think helped Mendel in his
work?
Answers
Answer:
Gregor Mendel belonged to a family of farmers but he went to pursue academic studies. all these things combined with his curiosity resulted in his research studies.
Explanation:
An Austrian monk by profession, Gregor Mendel through experimental studies in his garden, discovered the basic principles of heredity. Mendel 's observations have become the basis of modern genetics and the study of heredity, and he is universally recognized as a foundation for the development of genetics. His strong will led him away from his family occupation of farming. More working in a church it was no less than a revolutionary step to choose science above faith, especially at that time.
when obserbing the elodea leaf, you may have noticed that you could see all the way through the leaf as if it were transparent. explain why this was not possible when observing the letter e in the previous lab. what conclusion can you draw about the thickness of specimens to be observed with a compoud light microscope? why would a microscope usually be needed to produce good permanent slide?
Answers
This was not possible when observing the letter e in the previous lab because the e was much thicker, air bubbles made it transparent and the texture was different.
Compound microscopes come in a variety of specialized forms, but bright field microscopes are the most popular. They require samples that are only a few microns thick or a millionth of a meter. Greater specimen thickness prevents precise focussing and inadequate light transmission.
There are numerous approaches to prepare particles on microscope slides permanently. There are benefits to utilizing this procedure, including fewer trapped air bubbles, a lower risk of sample loss, a lower risk of mounting medium contamination, and a lower mounting media waste rate.
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A broken bone can heal itself in a few weeks
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Answers
Answer:
Asexual reproduction
Explanation:
It is Asexual reproduction. Because of miosis and mitosis, the bone can heal by itself after a few weeks.
if a dna double helix that is 100 base pairs in length has 32 adenines, how many cytosines, guanines, and thymines must it have?
Answers
If a given strand is made up of 100 base pairs and has 32 adenines, the number of thymine is equal to adenines, so the strand will have 32 thymine.
This rule is base on Chargaff's rules that tells that the DNA of any individual species or any organism, amount of guanine must be equal to the amount of cytosine and the amount of adenine must be equal to the amount of thymine. Hence, we can say that ratio of purine and pyrimidine bases should exists in form of A+G=T+C or 1:1 stoichiometric ratio.
According to Chargaff's rule in a DNA molecule A = T and G = C and A + G + C + T = 100%. Cytosine will always pairs with guanine, and their percentages must also be equal. Sum of all four percentages of purine and pyrimidine must equal 100%.
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.
Eliza places an 18-gram piece of an unknown substance into a graduated cylinder that is filled with 5 mL of water, and the water rises from the 5 mL line to the 8 mL line. What is the density of the unknown substance in g/mL?
Answers
The density of the unknown substance is 3.6 g/ml
As,
\(d=\frac{mass}{volume}\)
where,
Mass= 18 grams
Volume = 5 ml
d \(=\frac{18}{5} \frac{g}{ml}\)
d = 3.6 g/ml
What is Density?
Density is the mass of a material substance per unit volume.
The formula for density is
\(d=\frac{M}{V}\)
M is mass
V is volume
d is density
Grams per cubic centimeter are a typical unit of measurement for density.
We can calculate what materials will float and sink when placed in a liquid using the concept of density, which is a crucial idea. The rule of thumb is that objects will float as long as their density is lower than the liquid's density.
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During protein formation, if an essential amino acid is missing, what can happen to the remaining amino acids?
Answers
Answer: If an essential amino acid is not available in the required quantities, protein synthesis will not occur, even if other amino acids are available in the required quantities.
Explanation: During protein synthesis, if one or more amino acids are missing or not present in the required proportions, then the body can't initialize the process of protein production. The remaining amino acids left unsynthesized are degraded, either excreted through urea or converted into fat or carbohydrate.
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Which terms can be used to describe carnivores
Answers
Answer:
Carnivores are animals that eat other animals. The word carnivore is derived from Latin and literally means "meat eater." Wild cats such as lions and tigers are examples of vertebrate carnivores, as are snakes and sharks, while invertebrate carnivores include sea stars, spiders, and ladybugs.
Explanation:
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In which process does water move from the land to the air?
A. Percolation
B. Precipitation
C. Evaporation
D. Runoff
Answers
Answer:
option C IS THE CORRECT Evaporation is the process in which water moves from the land to the air. Evaporation of water from the land happens directly from lakes, puddles, and other surface water.
Explanation:
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Which statement is NOT true about chlorophyll?
1. It makes leaves green
2.it turns into glucose during photosynthesis
3.it absorbs light from the sun
4.it is found in the chloroplasts
Answers
Which of the possible examples below would most likely lead to a change in the cell theory? A Scientists find life on Mars that is not made of cells. BScientists identify a cell organelle that practices the process of photosynthesis. C Scientists determine that an organism is living if it is made of twenty structurally-identical cells. D Scientists gather life from a volcano that is composed of cells which are very different from humans.
Answers
Answer: Probably B?
Explanation:
The possible examples below would most likely lead to a change in the cell theory: Scientists discover life on Mars that is not made of cells, i.e., option A, despite the fact that the cell theory states that all living organisms are made of cells.
What is the significance of the cell and its importance?Cell theory explains that life is made up of cells, but If scientists were to discover life on Mars that did not fit this definition, it would challenge the current understanding of the cell theory and the discovery of life on Mars that is not composed of cells would indicate that the cell theory is not universally applicable.
Hence, the possible examples below would most likely lead to a change in the cell theory: Scientists discover life on Mars that is not made of cells, i.e., option A, despite the fact that the cell theory states that all living organisms are made of cells.
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Study the diagrams below and answer the questions that follow. 1 Vel 2 1.3.1. Identify the cells labelled 1 and 2 respectively 1.3.2. State TWO functions of the tissue named in question 1.3.1 1.3.3. Describe TWO ways in which the shape of cell 1 differs from that of cell 2 1.3.4. Briefly describe TWO ways in which cell 2 is adapted to perform its Function well in a plant
Answers
1.3.1. Identify the cells labelled 1 and 2 respectively The cell labelled 1 is the root hair cell, and the cell labelled 2 is the palisade mesophyll cell.1.3.2.
State TWO functions of the tissue named in question 1.3.1
The two functions of the root hair cell are as follows: It increases the surface area of the root, allowing for increased water absorption from the soil. The root hair cell absorbs water and nutrients from the soil, which are necessary for plant growth.1.3.3.
Describe TWO ways in which the shape of cell 1 differs from that of cell 2The two ways in which the shape of the root hair cell (cell 1) differs from that of the palisade mesophyll cell (cell 2) are as follows: Root hair cells are long and thin, while palisade mesophyll cells are shorter and wider. Root hair cells have a large surface area to volume ratio, whereas palisade mesophyll cells have a smaller surface area to volume ratio.1.3.4.
Briefly describe TWO ways in which cell 2 is adapted to perform its Function well in a plant The two ways in which the palisade mesophyll cell (cell 2) is adapted to perform its function well in a plant are as follows: Palisade mesophyll cells are found in the leaves of plants, where they perform photosynthesis. They contain many chloroplasts that are positioned close to the surface of the cell, allowing them to capture more light energy.
Palisade mesophyll cells are elongated, and they are packed tightly together, making them more efficient at capturing light energy for photosynthesis. They are also located near the top of the leaf, where they can receive the most light energy from the sun.
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A fish farmer has a large pool used to grow a species of fish. The farmer decides to add a second species of fish to the pool. Both fish species feed on the same type of food, but the fish farmer does not increase the amount of food added to the pool, maintaining the same carrying capacity in the pool.
Which graph shows how the population of the two fish species will change?
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Explanation: The capacity of fish to the ratio of population change increased and showed a variable degree of measurements.