Enzymes are a type of biological macromolecules known as proteins.
An example of a biological macromolecule is an enzyme, which is essential to many biological processes. These specialised proteins speed up or catalyse chemical reactions in living things.
The lengthy polypeptide chains that make up enzymes are made of chains of amino acids connected by peptide bonds. This chain subsequently folds into the protein's tertiary structure, a distinct three-dimensional shape. This shape plays a crucial role in the ability of the enzyme to catalyse a reaction by interacting with particular molecules, called substrates.
The area of a protein surface known as the active site of an enzyme is where the substrate interacts and the chemical reaction occurs.
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PLEASE ANSWER WITH AN ACTUAL ANSWER!!!!! Why do temperate regions have 4 seasons?
What parts of the nervous system make up the central nervous system?
Answer:
The nervous system has two main parts:
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body.
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which of the following are found in both plant and animal cells? (select all that apply.) check all that apply mitochondriamitochondria chloroplastschloroplasts centriolescentrioles golgi complexesgolgi complexes endoplasmic reticulumendoplasmic reticulum
The structures that are found in both plant and animal cells are A. Mitochondria and E. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Mitochondria: Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles responsible for energy production in cells. They are involved in cellular respiration, converting nutrients into usable energy in the form of ATP. Both plant and animal cells require energy for their metabolic processes, so mitochondria are present in both cell types.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes involved in protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and the transport of molecules within the cell. It exists in two forms: rough ER (with ribosomes attached) and smooth ER (without ribosomes). Both plant and animal cells have these two forms of ER, although their proportions and functions may vary.
In summary, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are organelles found in both plant and animal cells, while chloroplasts, centrioles, and golgi complexes have specific distributions between the two cell types. Therefore, Option A and E is correct.
The question was incomplete. find the full content below:
which of the following are found in both plant and animal cells? (select all that apply.) check all that apply
A. mitochondria
B. chloroplasts
C. centrioles
D. golgi complexes
E. endoplasmic reticulum
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in the marine mollusk, aplysia, serotonin binds to a g-protein-coupled receptor and activates a g s subunit. the resulting activation of pka leads to phosphorylation and closure of k channels. what effect would this have on the cell?
In the marine mollusk, aplysia, serotonin binds to a g-protein-coupled receptor and activates a gs sub-unit. The resulting activation of PKA leads to phosphorylation and closure of k channels. This results in decreased K+ efflux, depolarizing the cell.
A tremendously diversified group of animals, Mollusca (or mollusks), has at least 85,000 different species that are still alive. With around 23% of all known marine species, mollusks are the largest marine phylum. Clams, scallops, oysters, mussels, limpets, chitons, and snails are all examples of mollusks; snails are gastropods and makeup around 80% of the species of invertebrate. Mollusks known as cephalopods include nautilus, squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses.
Some features of mollusks are:
All mollusks have soft, unsegmented bodies with "head" and "foot" regions.They have hard exoskeletons covering their bodies, such as the plates of chitons or the shells of snails and clamsMany have calcareous or protein- and chitin-based shellsThe majority of mollusks have eyesThe mantle of mollusks has a body cavity (used for breathing and excretion) and a radula (something tongue-like).All mollusk eggs hatch into larvae or tiny adultsAll mollusk larvae have neurological systems, circulatory systems, and frequently complicated digestive systems.One of the main kinds of cell surface receptors, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are connected to a family of G proteins made up of the alpha, beta, and gamma subunits.
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Describe where current history falls in the geologic time scale. List the eon, era, period, epoch, and age.
The current period of time, as of 2023, falls within the Phanerozoic Eon, the Cenozoic Era, the Quaternary Period, the Holocene Epoch, and the present age.
The Phanerozoic Eon is the most recent eon in the geologic time scale and began approximately 541 million years ago.
It is characterized by a rich fossil record and the emergence of complex life forms. Within the Phanerozoic Eon, we find ourselves in the Cenozoic Era, which began around 66 million years ago following the extinction of the dinosaurs.
The Cenozoic Era is divided into three periods, with the current period being the Quaternary Period. The Quaternary Period started about 2.6 million years ago and is marked by significant glaciations, as well as the evolution & dominance of Homo sapiens. It is during this period that our species, Homo sapiens, emerged & began to shape the world.
Within the Quaternary Period, we are currently situated in the Holocene Epoch. The Holocene Epoch began approximately 11,700 years ago at the end of the last major ice age.
It is characterized by relatively stable climatic conditions compared to the previous epochs, allowing for the development of agriculture, civilization, & significant human population growth. The Holocene Epoch represents the time span in which human civilization has flourished & advanced rapidly.
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en donde se produce La citocinesis
La citocinesis ocurre al final del ciclo celular después de la mitosis o meiosis. En la división de células animales, la citocinesis ocurre cuando un anillo contráctil de microfilamentos forma un surco de escisión que pellizca la membrana celular por la mitad. En las células vegetales, se construye una placa celular que divide la célula en dos.
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What do the arrows tell us in a food chain?
The way light is radiated from the sun.
The direction of energy movement.
The movement of each organism in their habitat.
The flow of water within an ecosystem.
A union could be guilty of unfair labour practices: during the union organizing campaign C during contract negotiations during the term of the collective agreement G Call of the options
A union could be guilty of unfair labor practices is; during the union organizing campaign, during contract negotiations, and during the term of the collective agreement. Option D is correct.
During the union organizing campaign; Unions can engage in unfair labor practices during the organizing campaign by using coercion, intimidation, or other improper tactics to influence employees' decisions regarding union representation.
During contract negotiations; Unions may engage in unfair labor practices during contract negotiations by engaging in bad faith bargaining, refusing to negotiate in good faith, or using coercive tactics to gain advantages in bargaining.
During the term of the collective agreement; Unions can commit unfair labor practices during the term of the collective agreement by violating the terms of the agreement, engaging in discriminatory practices, or interfering with the rights of employees protected under labor laws.
Hence, D. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"A union could be guilty of unfair labor practices: A) during the union organizing campaign B) during contract negotiations C) during the term of the collective agreement D) all of the options."--
The aerobic phase of cellular respiration in the mitochondrion produces a net of about 28 to 30 ATP molecules. How does this compare to the energy released in glycolysis?
Answer:
Glycolysis produces a net ATP of 2 in comparison to the 28-30 produced during ETC
Explanation:
The process of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells consists of three steps namely: glycolysis, kreb cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain).
- Glycolysis, which represents the first step can occur with or without oxygen in the cell, hence, glycolysis occurs in every cell. However, the process of glycolysis, which involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate in a series of biochemical steps makes use of 2ATP molecules at the beginning and later produces 4 ATP molecules. Therefore, a net ATP molecule of 2 is produced.
- However, as stated in this question, the aerobic phase of cellular respiration in the mitochondrion called Electron transport chain (ETC) produces about 28 to 30 ATP molecules.
Aerobic respiration involves the breakdown of glucose to yield energy in the presence of oxygen. In eukaryotic cell, the mitochondrion yield 28 to 30 ATP molecules, whereas during glycolysis 2 ATP molecules are produced.
Glycolysis is the process of breakdown of glucose molecule, which yields two molecules of pyruvate. The glycolysis generates 4 molecules of ATP, out of which 2 ATP molecules are utilised in the glycolysis. The net production of glycolysis is 2 ATP molecules.
The electron transport chain yields net 28 to 30 ATP molecules. The ETC takes place in the mitochondria, in which NADH is converted into ATP through a series of biochemical reactions.
The ATP net productions from different reactions are as follows:
Kreb's cycle yields 2 ATP moleculesGlycolysis yields 2 ATP molecules ETC yields approximate 30 ATP molecules.Therefore, the glycolysis generates two molecules of ATP, whereas the ETC generates 28 to 30 ATP molecules.
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Which of the following is a cell that has NO specific function?
• Stem cell
•Specialized cell
•Prokaryotic Cell
•Eukaryotic Cell
Answer:
stem cell
Explanation:
it has no specific function because can rise into any typical cell function
Which term describes an extensive network of tubes, sacs, and vesicles throughout a cell that provides transport as its main function
During the mid 1930s, G. F. Gause studied competition among three species of Paramecium. Through his experiments he formulated a principle of
During the mid 1930s, G. F. Gause studied competition among three species of Paramecium. Through his experiments he formulated a principle of:
G. F. Gause formulated the principle of competitive exclusion, which states that two species competing for the same resources cannot coexist in the long term.
In his experiments with three species of Paramecium, G. F. Gause observed that when two species were grown together in a limited environment with limited resources, one species would eventually outcompete and eliminate the other species. This occurred because both species were competing for the same resources, such as food and space, and one species would be more efficient or better adapted at utilizing those resources, giving it a competitive advantage.
Over time, the competitively superior species would dominate the available resources, while the weaker species would be deprived and eventually die out. Gause found that no two species could coexist indefinitely when their ecological niches overlapped to a significant extent.
G. F. Gause's experiments and observations led to the formulation of the principle of competitive exclusion, which has since become an important concept in ecology. The principle highlights the intense competition for limited resources in nature and suggests that species with similar ecological requirements cannot coexist in the long term. However, it is important to note that in real-world ecosystems, various factors such as environmental fluctuations, adaptations, and niche differentiation can allow for species to coexist to some extent, even if they compete for similar resources.
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Natural selection leads to adaptations to __________ in an organism's environment. View Available Hint(s) Hint 1.opened hint Consider the features of the environment that affect organisms' existence. Natural selection leads to adaptations to __________ in an organism's environment. nonliving factors such as temperature and chemicals other living organisms abiotic and biotic factors water for aquatic organisms and the atmosphere for terrestrial organisms
Answer:
abiotic and biotic factors
Explanation:
According to the evolutionary theory proposed by Darwin, natural selection can be defined as the mechanism by which evolution occurs (i.e., the mechanism by which species change over time). An organism´s environment is comprised of abiotic (e.g., temperature, light, water, etc) and biotic (e.g., microbes, food availability, etc) factors. Adaptations refer to the phenotypic traits that increase the chance of survival and reproduction of an organism in its environment. Organisms better adapted to their environment are selected by natural selection to reproduce and thus perpetuate their genes across generations.
Product Sales Inc. Adheres strictly to the goal of maximizing profits. Even so, Product Sales will benefit by also using ethical behavior: Group of answer choices if customer service and reviews are good. If its owners are happy with the revenue. Under no circumstances. If it efficiently allocates its scarce resources
Product Sales Inc. is a company that is solely focused on maximizing its profits, but it can still benefit from adopting ethical behavior. The following paragraphs will discuss how the company can gain benefits by following ethical business practices.
If customer service and reviews are good, a business can create goodwill and attract customers. Customers are attracted to companies that offer high-quality products and services and prioritize customer satisfaction. Companies that follow ethical practices are more likely to satisfy their customers, resulting in better customer reviews and higher sales.
If Product Sales' owners are happy with the revenue, the company can ensure its long-term sustainability. By adopting ethical practices, the company can build a positive reputation, which can result in increased sales and revenue. A company's reputation is essential to its success in the long run.
Efficient allocation of scarce resources can help a business to reduce its costs, resulting in increased profitability. By adopting ethical practices, a company can build a strong relationship with its suppliers, which can result in better pricing and supply arrangements. It can also reduce the wastage of resources, leading to cost savings.
In conclusion, Product Sales Inc. can benefit from adopting ethical practices. By prioritizing customer satisfaction, ensuring long-term sustainability, upholding ethical values, and efficiently allocating scarce resources, the company can achieve higher profitability and build a positive reputation.
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Which stage is the last stage of speciation? Question 5 options: The populations become adapted to different environments and eventually become so different that they cannot interbreed to produce fertile offspring. The populations successfully interbreed. The populations become totally separated from one another. The populations are isolated and thus do not interbreed.
The stage is the last stage of speciation The populations become adapted to different environments and eventually become so different that they cannot interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
Speciation is split into 3 stages:
a) Separation.
b) Adaptation.
c) Reproductive Isolation.
Stage 1 Separation
A part of the populace separates and adapts to a brand new environment. Natural occasions along with tsunamis, tidal waves can reason organisms to split from their preliminary habitat to a brand new environment.Stage 2: Adaptation.
At this stage, the organisms evolve new trends that permit them to a brand new environment. They own sure traits that permit them to match into the brand new environment. Example The notable white skin's color makes it tough for it to be visible withinside the dark.Stage 3: Reproductive Isolation.
At this stage, organisms of the equal species reunite and do now no longer interbreed. e, species are remoted into new ones in order that they have the great diversifications for or her new habitat.What is speciation?Speciation is an evolutionary method where the new species arises from previous ones.
Hence concluded that speciation involves the stage where the populations become adapted to different environments and eventually become so different that they cannot interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
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Answer:
The populations become adapted to different environments and eventually become so different that they cannot interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
Explanation:
what evidence from this data run supports the hypothesis that the b allele is heterozygous dominant? explain your reasoning.
The evidence supporting the hypothesis that the B allele is dominant can be found in the phenotypic patterns observed in the offspring, which indicate that the presence of a single B allele determines the expression of the trait.
To determine whether the B allele is dominant, one can analyze the data by observing the genotypes and phenotypes of the parents and their offspring. Let's assume the parents have the genotypes Bb and bb, where B represents the B allele and b represents the recessive allele.
The hypothesis that the B allele is dominant can be supported if the offspring display a consistent pattern of phenotypes corresponding to the presence of the B allele. For instance, if a majority of the offspring have the genotype Bb or BB, and they exhibit the same phenotype as the parent with the Bb genotype, this would suggest that the B allele is dominant. This is because the presence of a single B allele in the Bb offspring is sufficient to manifest the same phenotype as the parent carrying the B allele, indicating dominance.
Furthermore, the offspring with the genotype bb would display a different phenotype than those with B alleles. The distinct phenotype in bb offspring implies that the B allele, when present, exerts a dominant influence over the expression of the trait, masking the effects of the recessive b allele.
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The full question is:
What evidence from this data run supports the hypothesis that the B allele is dominant? In other words, pretend that you don't know which allele is dominant, but you know the genotypes and phenotypes of the parents. When you look at your results, how do you know that the B allele is dominant? Explain your reasoning.
Which of the following is not an example for abiotic factor: a)rain b)salinity c)biodiversity d)humidity
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Biodiversity involves living organisms while the rest of the options do not
1 A wound that is deeper than wide, can cause damage to internal organs describes a(n)
A. Laceration
B. Puncture
C. Abrasion
D. Incision
E. None of these
Cats and other nocturnal predators have a greater number of rod cells in their eyes compared to cone cells. What would you predict about the color vision of cats
It is possible to predict that because of the decreased number of cone cells, cats have poor color vision.
What are cone cells?Cone cells are specialized cells in the eye required to produce the spectra of color observed in nature.
Cone cells can be considered photoreceptors located in the retina of the eye (in animals and humans).
Cone cells act in the best way in bright light conditions, conversely to rod cells that serve to observe at the night.
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the term describes the appearance of a cloudy broth culture.
The term that describes the appearance of a cloudy broth culture is "turbidity." Turbidity refers to the cloudiness or haziness of a liquid, which, in this case, is the broth culture. The cloudiness is typically caused by the presence of a large number of microorganisms growing in the liquid medium.
The term that describes the appearance of a cloudy broth culture is turbidity. Turbidity is caused by the presence of suspended particles, such as bacteria or other microorganisms, in the liquid medium. When a broth culture becomes cloudy, it indicates that the microorganisms have grown and multiplied within the medium, making it difficult to see through.
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which of the following processes occurs when nuclei begin to surround the chromosomes on either end of the pole during meiosis I?
a. prophase I
b. metaphase I
c. anaphase I
d. telophase I
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Before you perform an experiment, which variable should you already know? A. A distant variable B. A manipulated variable C. A responding variable D. An experimental variable
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
Match the following terms and definitions.
1. a technique that uses rewards to increase a learned behavior
2.
a theory that behavior evolves to promote the greatest
fitness for the animal
long-term hormonal influences on animal behavior usually
occurring early in life
4. learning a behavior by observing and watching others
3.
organizational effects
social learning
operant conditioning
optimality theory
Explanation:
operant conditioning - a technique that uses rewards to increase a learned behavior
optimality theory -a theory that behavior evolves to promote the greatest fitness for the animal
social learning - learning a behavior by observing and watching others
organizational effects - long-term hormonal influences on animal behavior usually occurring early in life.
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1. Menstrual cycles are absent during pregnancy. Justify
OR
2. Can a woman with a blocked fallopian tube give birth to a child? Give reason.
ANSWER ANYONE
Scientists must use microscopes to study the cells of living things. Explain why microscopes are necessary to study cells. Then, describe some things microscopes have helped scientists discover about cells.
(at least 5 sentences)
Explanation:
A cell is the smallest unit of life.
Most cells are so tiny that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. Therefore, scientists use microscopes to study cells. Electron microscopes provide higher magnification, higher resolution and more detail than light microscopes.
German scientists Theodore Schwann and Mattias Schledien studied two cell types and put forth the idea that cells were the fundamental units of both plants and animals.
Answer A cell is the smallest unit of life most cells are so small that they cannot be view therefore scientists must use microscopes to study cells electron microscopes provide higher magnification higher resolution and more detail than light microscopes.
Explanation:
Which of the following properly lists the order of events in cell signaling?
a. signal and response
b. reception, transduction/amplification, and response
c. perception and amplification
d. signal, amplification, and response
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Cell signaling can be divided into 3 stages.
Reception: A cell detects a signaling molecule from the outside of the cell. Transduction/Amplification: When a signaling molecule connects to a receptor, it alters the receptor protein in some way, triggering the transduction process. Each relay molecule in the signal transduction pathway affects the following molecule in the pathway.
Response: The signal triggers a specific cellular response.
As an adaptive immune response progresses, the production of variant antibodies that compete more effectively for antigen occurs, and B cells producing these antibodies are preferentially selected on the basis of their improved binding to antigen. This phenomenon is referred to as _______.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
the way that genetic information is coded in DNA is-
Answer:
with bases
Explanation:
Genetic information is coded in DNA by means of four bases: two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (thymine and cystosine). Each adjacent sequence of three bases (a codon) determines the insertion of a specific amino acid. In RNA, uracil replaces thymine.
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compare the way a bacterium reproduces to the way a skin cell reproduces
What cannot form when two plates collide?
Volcanoes
⊝
Deep Sea Trenches
⊝
Mountain Ranges
⊝
Rift Valleys
Answer:
D. Rift Valleys
Explanation:
A landform refers to a geomorphic or natural feature of the Earth's surface, which typically makes its terrain. Some examples of landforms on planet earth are mountain, plains, valley, hills and plateau.
Basically, the tectonic plates such as the oceanic and continental lithosphere interact in three (3) ways and these are; divergent, transform and convergent boundaries.
A convergent plate boundary can be defined as a boundary where two (2) plates move towards each other, usually, resulting in subduction or collision. This action often causes mountain range such as the Himalayas to form by the collision between the plate carrying Eurasia and that of India; as a result of subduction which causes a plate to be forced underneath the mantle, deep ocean trenches are formed such as the Mariana trench.
Hence, Rift Valleys cannot form when two plates collide because they are formed only when the tectonic plates of earth rift or move apart. Also, Rift Valleys are found at the bottom of oceans and on land.