why is it necessary for some files to be setuid root (i.e., owned by root and has setuid bit set)?
Answers
It is recommended that only essential programs be set as setuid root and that the file permissions are carefully managed to prevent unauthorized access.
In some cases, it is necessary for certain files to be setuid root, which means they are owned by the root user and have the setuid bit set. The setuid bit allows users to execute a program with the permissions of its owner, in this case, the root user.
One example of where it may be necessary to set a file as setuid root is in the case of a system program that requires elevated privileges to perform certain tasks. For example, the "passwd" command, which allows users to change their password, requires access to the system's password file, which is typically only accessible by the root user. By setting the "passwd" command as setuid root, regular users can execute the command and change their password without needing to have root access.
Another example where setuid root may be necessary is with certain network-related programs that require elevated privileges to perform certain operations. For example, the "ping" command, which tests network connectivity, requires the ability to send and receive network packets, which typically requires root access.
However, it is important to note that setting files as setuid root should be done with caution, as it can pose security risks if not properly implemented. Therefore, it is recommended that only essential programs be set as setuid root and that the file permissions are carefully managed to prevent unauthorized access.
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Related Questions
what resource records appear in the new domains you created by default?
Answers
In a newly created domain, a variety of resource records appear by default. A records, NS records, SOA records, and MX records are among the most important resource records that appear in new domains.
A records, also known as address records, are resource records that link a hostname to an IP address. This is the most important DNS resource record for most sites because it allows domain names to be translated into IP addresses. The SOA record is a critical resource record that is created automatically when a new domain is created. The Start of Authority (SOA) record contains essential information about the domain, such as the primary nameserver's DNS name and email address.
NS records, on the other hand, specify the authoritative name servers for the domain. The NS resource record is used to delegate a DNS zone to a set of DNS servers known as an authority. Finally, MX resource records specify mail servers that accept mail for the domain. This resource record is essential for email servers that send mail to addresses in the domain. In conclusion, A records, NS records, SOA records, and MX records are among the resource records that appear by default in new domains, as they provide critical information required for the effective and efficient management of the domain and the various DNS servers that maintain it.
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d) what are the primary advantages of the stem-and-leaf display as compared to the histogram? (select all that apply.) stem and leaf display provides exactly the same information as a histogram stem and leaf display provides less information than a histogram stem-and-leaf display is hard to read stem-and-leaf display shows the actual data the stem-and-leaf display is easier to construct by hand
Answers
The proper options are the following: A stem and leaf display shows the real data and provides information that is identical to that of a histogram, although it is easier to make by hand.
What is a stem-and-leaf display?Data can be arranged in a stem and leaf plot, sometimes referred to as a stem and leaf diagram, to make it easy to examine how frequently certain types of values occur. This graph shows sequential numerical data. Each piece of information is separated into a stem and a leaf.
The first or last digit of each data value is separated into a stem, and the remaining digit is displayed as a leaf, in a stem and leaf plot.
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consist of common sense, rules of thumb, educated guesses, and instinctive judgments. question 1 options: turing machines heuristics quick response codes swift codes
Answers
According to the question of instinctive, the answer to the question is heuristics.
Heuristics refer to problem-solving strategies that use practical thinking and common sense to find a solution quickly. Heuristics is a technique that is often used when an optimal solution is not feasible or when there is a lack of information or time. This approach involves making educated guesses, using rules of thumb, and relying on instinctive judgments to find a reasonable solution. Examples of heuristics include trial and error, working backward, and breaking a problem down into smaller parts. Heuristics can be used in a wide range of fields, including computer science, psychology, and business.
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Which computer science career is responsible for creating code for software? programmer hardware engineer user interface designer cybersecurity analyst
Answers
Answer:
programmer ⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀
Superior Company has provided you with the following information before any year-end adjustments: Net credit sales are $134,000. Historical percentage of credit losses is 3%. Allowance for doubtful accounts has a credit balance of $325. Accounts receivables ending balance is $43,000. What is the estimated bad debt expense using the percentage of credit sales method
Answers
The estimated bad debt expense using the percentage of credit sales method is $38,655. The percentage of credit sales method is a method used to estimate the bad debt expense.
The estimated credit losses can be calculated by multiplying the net credit sales by the historical percentage of credit losses.
Estimated Credit Losses = Net Credit Sales x Historical Percentage of Credit Losses
Estimated Credit Losses = $134,000 x 3%
Estimated Credit Losses = $4,020
The ending balance in the allowance for doubtful accounts can be calculated by adding the current credit balance in the account to the estimated bad debt expense.
Ending Balance in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts = Credit Balance + Estimated Bad Debt Expense
Ending Balance in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts = $325 + $4,020
Ending Balance in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts = $4,345
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How have search engines like Google, Bing, and Yahoo! revolutionized the ability to do research? They are more difficult to access than the library. They provide only information from reliable sources. They provide immediate access to information on the web. They take longer than using a card catalog but provide only expert sources.
Answers
Answer:
because it is easy to access not hard not all things from the internet are reliable they don't always have expert sources
Explanation:
Search engines like Google, Bing, and Yahoo! have revolutionized research.
The best answer choice for this is that "they provide immediate access to information on the web".
The other choices would be wrong because...
Answer choice A, would be incorrect due to the fact that using the search engines makes it easier to access information than a library as you do not need to walk around the library looking for a book to provide you the answers to your question.
Answer choice B, would be false since the web doesn't always provide only reliable information from creditable sources. In fact, quite a few of the sources on the web that come up, are not helpful or do not assist the user in answering their questions.
Answer choice D, would be wrong since using the search engine to find information is quicker than using a card catalog, and also it does not only provide expert sources since any source of information could pop up when the user searches for it.
What are some restrictions that should apply to sensitive and confidential data? check all that apply.
Answers
Some special protocol should be applied to sensitive and confidential data.
While dealing with sensitive and confidential data, some special protocols must be followed to ensure its safety. The data should be managed efficiently which requires diligent organization. Encrypted media devices must always be used for storage and as a further step the data itself can be encrypted as well. The data should have restricted access both by personnel and location. It should be backed up in a safe location.
You need to apply some special protocol or restriction to sensitive and confidential data in a way that:
Data must be stored on encyrpted media online that prevents cyber secuity issues. Data should always be protect from unauthorized access. Ensure and implement safegauards against data encryption and decryption from unauthorized access.The data should always be accessed with care, must never be shared with an unauthorized third party and should have a strong passcode. End- to – end encryption should be used for online transfers. Access to the data must only be available on-site and should be monitored and documented at all times.
Failure to properly safeguard sensitive and confidential data is a breach of trust which not only affects departments or projects integrity but also opens individuals and/or organizations up to legal liabilities.
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When the core components of the linux operating system are packaged together with other open source software, it is called a:________
Answers
Answer:
Linux distribution
Explanation:
what helps manage complexity in a program by abstracting out the details and allowing programmers to use variable names? what helps manage complexity in a program by abstracting out the details and allowing programmers to use variable names? element abstraction procedural abstraction data abstraction memory abstraction
Answers
Data abstraction helps manage complexity in a program by abstracting out the details and allowing programmers to use variable names.
This technique allows programmers to focus on the essential features of the program without getting bogged down in the details. By creating abstract data types, programmers can encapsulate the details of how the data is stored and accessed, making it easier to manage and modify the program as it evolves over time.
This is especially important in large-scale software development projects, where the complexity of the code can quickly become overwhelming without the use of abstraction techniques.
There are several types of data abstraction that can be used in programming:
Element abstraction: This type of abstraction involves breaking a program down into smaller, more manageable parts, such as functions or classes. Each part can be thought of as an "element" of the program and can be understood and manipulated independently.Procedural abstraction: This type of abstraction involves creating functions or procedures that perform a specific task, without revealing the details of how the task is accomplished. This allows programmers to focus on the high-level logic of their programs, without getting bogged down in implementation details.Data abstraction: This type of abstraction involves defining data types that encapsulate the data and operations that can be performed on that data. This allows programmers to work with data at a higher level of abstraction, without having to worry about the details of how the data is stored or manipulated.Memory abstraction: This type of abstraction involves managing memory usage in a program, without exposing the low-level details of how memory is allocated and deallocated. This allows programmers to work with memory at a higher level of abstraction, without having to worry about the details of how it is managed.By using these types of abstractions, programmers can manage complexity and create software that is easier to understand, maintain, and modify.
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4 Two people play a counting game.
The rules of the game are as follows:
The first player starts at 1
Each player may choose one, two or three numbers on their turn and the numbers must be in ascending order
Players take it in turns to choose
The player who chooses "15" loses the game. For example, if the first player chooses three numbers (1, 2, 3) then the second player could choose one number (4), two numbers (4, 5) or three numbers (4,5,6).
The first player then takes another go.
-Write an algorithm using pseudocode that allows two players to play this game.
The algorithm should:
--Alternate between player 1 and player 2
--Ask the player how many numbers they would like to choose, ensuring that this is between 1 and 3
--Display the numbers that the player has chosen Display a suitable message to say --which player has won once the number 15 has been displayed
Answers
Answer:
algorithm should:
--Alternate between player 1 and player 2
--Ask the player how many numbers they would like to choose, ensuring that this is between 1 and 3
An algorithm using pseudocode that allows two players to play the game is:
BEGIN Player One num "1"ASCENDING order num;TURN Player One num;TURN Player Two num;INCREMENT IF there is num "15"THENPLAYER losesWhat is a Pseudocode?This refers to the use of plain language to describe the sequence of steps for solving a problem.
Hence, we can see that from the given game rules about the input that is made by a player where he starts at 1 and any player that selects 15 loses the game and there is an increment is displayed in a rough form above.
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Which steps should you follow to show the Developer tab after clicking Options in the File tab?
Click Customize Ribbon, and check next to Developer in the Main Tabs area.
Click the Developer tab, click Switch View, and click OK in the Main Tabs area.
Click Open, and add a check mark next to Developer in the Customize area.
Click the View tab, add a check mark next to Developer, and click OK.
Answers
Answer:
A Click Customize Ribbon, and check next to Developer in the Main Tabs area.
Explanation:
Answer:
c
Explanation:
how to stop verification required when installing free apps
Answers
Whether your App Store keeps asking for a password or wants to know how to download apps without a password on iPhone, don’t leave the article until the end of the line to know the App Store and iPhone basics.
How to stop verification required when installing free apps?Go to Settings > iTunes & App Store > Apple ID and check your payment information is current. Even if you only want something that is free this will be required if you have any payment form on record.
Payment methods that you can use in the iTunes Store, App Store, and iBooks Store - https://support.apple.com/HT202631 (Discussions on this forum mention some countries do not accept debit cards, and even if they do some items cannot be purchased with debit cards.)
if your payment method is declined, or you have a billing issue with a previous purchase in the iTunes Store - https://support.apple.com/HT203005 - various reasons why payment method is declined.
If this abruptly started happening try removing and re-entering your payment information - Change or remove your Apple ID payment information - https://support.apple.com/HT201266
See the end of the document linked above for special measures that may be necessary for some cards, plus about contacting your financial institution to make sure your records match.
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state the difference between token and identifier
(computer)
Answers
photo editing software, desktop publishing, email and word processing software is most likely to be used by:
a) law enforcement officers
b) musicians
c)mass media personnel
d)medical personnel
Answers
Answer:
c) mass media personnel
Explanation:
A software can be defined as a set of executable instructions (codes) or collection of data that is used typically to instruct a computer how to perform a specific task and to solve a particular problem.
Basically, softwares are categorized into two (2) main categories and these are;
I. System softwares.
II. Utility softwares.
Photo editing software, desktop publishing, email and word processing software is most likely to be used by a mass media personnel because he or she deals with the creation of various documents such as images, texts, multimedia files etc.
What type(s) of media can be pre-recorded (read only), recordable (write once), or re-recordable (read and write multiple times)? (2 points) Enter your answer
Answers
Answer:
An optical disc.
Explanation:
An optical disc is a small and flat digital-optical disc that is usually circular and used to store computer data by using a laser beam.
The optical disc is able to store digital data because it is made up of a polycarbonate (a tough-brittle plastic) with one (1) or more metal layers.
Additionally, the data stored in an optical disc cannot be scrambled by a magnet because it isn't made of a magnet or doesn't have a magnetic field. There are different types of optical disc and these are; CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-RAM, DVD-ROM, DVD+/-RW, BD-RE, DVD+/-R, BD-R, BD-ROM.
Where; CD is an acronym for compact disc.
DVD is an acronym for digital video disc.
BD is an acronym for Blu-ray disc.
R represents read only.
RW represents read and write.
RE represents read, write and erasable.
Hence, an optical disc is a type of media that can be pre-recorded (read only), recordable (write once), or re-recordable (read and write multiple times).
Consider the following static method.
private static void recur (int n)
{
if (n != 0)
{
recur in
2);
System. Out. Print(n + " ");
}
}
What numbers will be printed as a result of the call recur (7) ?
Answers
The given recursive method, recur(int n), prints the value of n and recursively calls itself with the value n / 2 until n becomes zero.
Let's trace the execution of the method recur(7) step by step:
Initial call: recur(7)
The condition n != 0 is true since n is 7.It prints 7.The method recursively calls recur(7 / 2), which is recur(3).Recursive call: recur(3)
The condition n != 0 is true since n is 3.It prints 3.The method recursively calls recur(3 / 2), which is recur(1).Recursive call: recur(1)
The condition n != 0 is true since n is 1.It prints 1.The method recursively calls recur(1 / 2), which is recur(0).Recursive call: recur(0)
The condition n != 0 is false since n is 0.It does not print anything and returns.Thus, based on the above execution, the numbers that will be printed as a result of the call recur(7) are: 7, 3, 1.
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The complete process for learning through repetition is to read, write, say, rest and revisit the information. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
Answers
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
The complete process for learning through repetition is to read, write, say, rest and revisit the information.
This ultimately implies that, when an individual indulge in learning through repetition, he or she would is strengthening the single memory trace and as such enhancing the learning process.
Hence, learning through repetition such as reading, writing, saying, resting and revisiting the information is very effective because it engages and activates the visual, auditory, tactile and kinesthetic neural pathways to the brain.
Additionally, it is advisable to wait for about ten (10) minutes in between the repetition process when learning through repetition.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Just took the quiz.
the card class represents a complete python program. true false
Answers
The given statement "the card class represents a complete python program" is False
Python is an object-oriented programming language, and it has several built-in classes. The Card class can only represent one class in Python, not a complete Python program. A class is a blueprint for the objects, and it consists of properties and methods to perform specific tasks. A Python program starts with an introduction, where the programmer writes a few lines of code to introduce the program and what it will do.
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3. In what ways would adding more screens to Scratch make our code more complicated?
Answers
Adding more screens to Scratch could make our code more complicated in a few ways. Firstly, it could increase the amount of code we need to write and manage, which could make it harder to debug and maintain our project. This is especially true if we have multiple scripts running across different screens that need to interact with each other.
Secondly, adding more screens could make it more difficult to keep track of variables and sprites. When we switch between screens, we may need to reset or update certain variables or sprite positions, which can be tricky to manage. We may also need to ensure that sprites are only visible on certain screens, which could require additional code and checks.
Finally, having more screens could also make it more difficult for users to navigate and understand our project. If we have too many screens or menus, it could be overwhelming and confusing for users, especially if they are new to Scratch or programming in general.
Overall, while adding more screens can be useful in certain situations, it's important to weigh the benefits against the potential complexity it could add to our code and project.
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to observe professional messaging guidelines, you should avoid using the following except _____.
Answers
Guidelines for audience to respond favorably to a message include adopting a "“you” r" perspective.
The appropriate response is to be actively responsive. You need to pay attention to what they're trying to tell you in order to fully comprehend it. You'll be better able to respond to their criticism if you do this. Ask for more information and look for variables that will allow you to make adjustments. You will get a sales acknowledgement email after placing your order, which contains a copy of the details of your order. Every piece of information we've gotten will be shown here, allowing you to confirm its accuracy. The researcher should make an effort to show the study as expertly written work when conducting marketing research. When presenting the research documents to the respondents, he or she must act professionally.
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How can you evaluate the success of the new implementation relative to the existing network?
Answers
To evaluate the success of a new network implementation relative to the existing network, there are several key performance metrics that can be used.
Firstly, we can evaluate the accuracy of the new network compared to the existing one. This can be done by testing the two networks on a standardized dataset and comparing their overall accuracy and error rates. Additionally, we can perform more detailed analysis to identify specific areas where the new network outperforms the existing one, and vice versa.
Secondly, we can evaluate the speed and efficiency of the new network compared to the existing one. This can be done by measuring the time it takes for the two networks to process a given amount of data, as well as the amount of computational resources required to run each network.
Thirdly, we can evaluate the robustness of the new network compared to the existing one. This involves testing the networks under different conditions and identifying scenarios where the new network is more reliable or less prone to errors than the existing one.
Finally, we can evaluate the scalability of the new network compared to the existing one. This involves testing how well the new network performs as the amount of data it needs to process increases over time, and identifying any limitations or bottlenecks that may affect its performance.
In summary, the success of a new network implementation can be evaluated by comparing its accuracy, speed, efficiency, robustness, and scalability to that of the existing network.
By doing so, we can identify areas where the new network is an improvement and determine whether it is worth implementing in the long term.
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Marisol wants a data structure that is as flexible and controllable as possible. Which of these would be most appropriate?
A. primitive
B. Built-in
C. User-defined
D. String
Answers
Answer:
B. Built-in
Explanation:
You can modify built-in data structures like adding elements to an array and removing elements.
However, creating a data structure is more time-consuming such as manually sorting a list instead of using the built-in sort function.
How do you debug an Xcode project?
A.
by selecting the Debug option in the Tools menu
B.
by clicking on the Debug Navigator
C.
by clicking on the Run button
D.
by clicking on the Debug button on the bottom right
Answers
Answer:
in my opinion i think it is "C" by clicking on the run button...
1) Write a program that prints the sum of the first ten positive integers, 1+2+...+10
I don’t know how to write the code for python
Answers
total = 0
for i in range(1, 11):
total += i
print(total)
For which task would you most likely use word-processing software? question 5 options: formatting text with various fonts, sizes and styles placing text in rows and columns for sorting and filtering creating slides and displaying them in a continuous loop placing numeric data in rows and columns for statistical analysis.
Answers
Answer:
Option 1, Option 2, Option 4
Explanation:
Word processors like Word and Docs can be used to format text and create visually appealing works for presentation, and, while it is used for presentation, it is not used for slideshows, meaning all of the options except making slides are correct.
The tasks for which word-processing software is required are formatting text with various fonts, sizes and styles, placing text in rows and columns for sorting and filtering, and placing numeric data in rows and columns for statistical analysis. The correct options are A, B, and D.
What is word processing software?A word processor is a hardware or computer program that allows for the input, editing, formatting, and output of text, along with other functions.
The act of creating, editing, saving, and printing documents on a computer is referred to as word processing. Word processing requires the use of specialized software known as a Word Processor.
Word processing software is used to edit text documents such as resumes and reports. You basically enter text by typing, and the software provides tools for copying, deleting and various types of formatting.
Today, the word processor is one of the most frequently used software programs on a computer, with Microsoft Word being the most popular word processor.
Thus, the correct options are a, b, and d.
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high level language - An object oriented programming language
Answers
•If you want an example of high level programming at the same time its object oriented one is example is “Python”
• If your question is what is high level programming and what is Object Oriented programming I’ll explain. ⬇️
High level programming is a computer language which is closer to human languages.
Object oriented programming- view the picture.
The ability to create slide shows is a major advantage of word processing software true or false
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
This ability helps in the symbolic development of the word processing software
What is the typical educational requirement for a non-entry level software programmer? high school diploma technical certificate bachelor’s degree master’s degree
Answers
Answer: technical certificate
Explanation: i just took the test and i got it right
A bachelor's degree in computer science, information technology, or computer engineering is usually required for a career as a computer programmer. Option C is correct.
What education do you need to be a non-entry level software programmer?Computer programmers create computer programs by creating code in a variety of programming languages. They run new programs through their paces and look for flaws. A bachelor's degree is often required for computer programmers, however some firms may recruit programmers with an associate degree.
Individuals who want to work as computer programmers must have a degree in computer science, information technology, mathematics, or a related field.
A bachelor's degree in computer and information technology or a related discipline, such as mathematics, is often required for computer programmers. Some firms, however, hire people with different degrees or experience in specialized programming languages.
Therefore, option C is correct.
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A device-free rule to show respect
Answers
An example of device-free rule to show respect to others are:
Avoid looking at your phone during meetings.Avoid having it on your lap.Concentrate on the individual who needs to get your whole attention, such as a client, customer, coworker, or boss.What is proper smartphone behavior?Don't allow your phone rule your life; take back control of it! Talk quietly. Respect people you are with by putting your phone away if it will disrupt a discussion or other activity.
Therefore, Be mindful of how you speak, especially when others may hear you. Never discuss private or secret matters in front of others.
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A computer scientist creates an app that tells you a funny joke each time you touch the Joke button.
a. What does the view layer for this app contain?
b. What does the controller layer do for this app?
Answers
Answer:
B And A
Explanation:
B: The controller renders a responce it can be seen as a manager and other parts are its workers and makes sure that other parts are "working" well
Answer:
He's actually right- it's B and A.
Explanation: